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Science Ch 4 Sect 4

Geological Time Scale Test

QuestionAnswer
The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic are divisions in the geologic time scale called... eras
The geologic time scale is a record of... the life forms and geologic events in Earth's history.
Originally, the geologic time scale placed Earth's rocks in order by... relative age.
Why are index fossils useful to geologists? They tell the relative age of the rock in which they occur.
The fossils of organisms that were widely distributed but only lived during a short period of time are called... index fossils.
The law of superposition states that, in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is... older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it.
The relative age of a rock is... its age compared to the ages of other rocks.
During the Cambrian Explosion that began the Paleozoic Era, the many new forms of life that evolved... were invertebrates that lived in the sea.
What is the age of an intrusion of igneous rock in relation to the sedimentary rock layers through which it passes? always younger
How would Earth be different if its surface had never cooled during early Precambrian Time? Water vapor would never have condensed to form the oceans.
The Cenozoic era is often called the Age of... Mammals
How did Earth change about 2.5 billion years ago when many organisms began using photosynthesis to make food? The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere increased.
About 260 million years ago, Earth's continents moved together to form the supercontinent called... Pangaea
Precambrian Time, which includes most of Earth's history, began with... Earth forming from a mass of dust and gas.
The Mesozoic Era is divided into the Triassic, the Jurassic, and the Cretaceous. These divisions of the geologic time scale are called... periods.
Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and continents began to form during the first several hundred million years of... Precambrian Time.
During the Devonian Period, animals that could live on land began to evolve. These animals still spent part of their lives in the water. What were these animals called? amphibians
What do most scientists think caused the mass extinction of dinosaurs and other organisms at the end of the Cretaceous Period? An object from space struck Earth
A rock layer's ___________ age is its age compared to the ages of other rock layers. relative
Certain ammonites are used as _______ fossils because they lived in many different areas, but only a brief time. index
Geologic time begins with the long span of time called__________ Time. Precambrian.
An ________ is a gap in the geologic record where some rock layers have been lost because of erosion. unconformity
Life on Earth first appeared during the _________ Period.
The era before the Mesozoic Era is the _________ Era. Paleozoic
The law of superposition helps geologists determine the ______ age of a rock layer. relative
At the beginning of the Paleozoic Era, a great number of different types of organisms evolved in an event called the ____________. Cambrian Explosion.
Geologists divide Earth's long history into smaller units that make up the _____________. geologic time scale
Rock layers are always ______ than the faults that cut across them. older
On the geologic time scale, the _________ era is divided into the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous periods. Mesozoic
The extinction of the dinosaurs gave warm-blooded vertebrates called ________ a chance to become abundant. mammals
The present day is part of the _________ Era. Cenozoic
Reptiles, such as dinosaurs, were so successful during the _______ Era that this time is often called the Age of Reptiles. Mesozoic
Scientists hypothesize that Earth formed at the same time as the other planets and the sun, roughly ________ years ago. 4.6 billion
The mass extinction at the end of the Paleozoic Era may have occurred because Earth's _______ moved together into one large land mass, changing Earth's climate. continents
Jawless fish were Earth's first _______, or animals with backbones. vertebrates
During the Quaternary Period, a series of _________ occurred when Earth's climate cooled. ice ages
Created by: 7thgrade
 

 



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