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Decline of Feudalism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| towns in medieval Europe where often located near what | near waterways for easy travel and trade. |
| what contributed to the towns in medieval Europe | Local people specialized in making specific types of goods And the banking industry grew up and helped people trade easily |
| What rights did Charter give townspeople | to govern themselves make laws raise taxes |
| What are guilds and how where they established | guilds where an organization of people in the same craft or trade, they where established because they provided help and protection for people doing a certain kind of work controlled hour of work and set good prices |
| How did you become a member of a guild | age 12 became apprentice parent of apprentice signed agreement with master of trade master agreed to train, feed and house apprentice end of 7 years apprentice had to prove to the guild they have mastered trade by making a piece of work if approved by |
| How did guilds help member and family of members | sometime the family of a apprentice got money and guilds member and family members got a lot of money |
| role of merchants played in growth of medieval European towns | They had merchant fairs which would attract merchants |
| why was growing up in medieval towns difficult | about half children died before they became adults and kids prepared for adult hood at age 7 |
| how did unhealthy living conditions and limited medical knowledge affect life in medieval European towns | the spread of many diseases causing many people to suffer and die and the towns where very dirty |
| Three black plague forms | -bubonic plague -pneumonic plague -septicemic plague |
| why could black plague not be stopped | people were ignorant about its cause and blamed the stars they tried cures but none worked |
| how was the plague passed | passed from rodents to humans from flea bits, which traveled on ships and brought the disease with them |
| what are some effects of the plague | - livestock dies - crops fail -famine and - seismic activity increase ( earthquake, volcanoes) |
| The bubonic plague also known as black death first broke out where | in china- half of china died from it |
| Trade routes from china to the west brought the plague where as it traveled by rates infected by fleas and how much died | The plague was brought to Europe and Killed Nearly half of Europe in 4 years |
| who is this young French peasant woman who was inspired by god to save France, convinced Charles VII to let her lead an army against the English in 1429 and helped push the English armies out of central France | Joan of Arc |
| how did the war contubute to the end of feudalism in France | people became more patriotic more devoted to monarch than their feudal lord monarchs created large armies with taxes collected which reduced the power of nobles |
| How did the nature of warfare change | longbows elimated advantages of armor - cannons could be used to blast holes in castles |
| How did the war begin | when King Charles IV died in 1328 with no male heir two men attempted to claim the vacant thrown -Edward III of England and son in law of Charles IV -Philip of Valois, nephew of Charles English armies attacked France |
| How did the Black Plague change life in Europe | -killed 1/3 of population -peasants revolted and demanded more freedom -working class moved to cities to earn better wages -reduced power of feudal lords |
| What was feudalism based on | land-ownership |
| New inventions | -horse shoe -steel plow -tandem harness |
| The growth of towns in Europe began as this happened | more and more people moved there to find work and opportunity |
| What does the middle class contain in Europe | merchants-artisans and craftsmen |
| what is a guild | people united by common interest usually a work trade |
| guilds are what in modern day | guilds are modern day unions |
| what was a guild emblem used for | to inform people because most people in middle ages could not read |
| who united the Angles and Saxons | Alfred the Great of Wessex |
| in what year did the last Anglo Saxon king die with no heir | 1066 CE |
| what was a Viking settler called | a Norman |
| when did the English barons crown Harold Godwinson king | January 6th 1066 |
| The importance of the Battle of the Hastings is | -French and Latin language culture mix with angle-Saxon -feudal system arrives in England -English monarch power increases - Domes Day book created - modern history begins |
| what is the Domes day book | a census |
| who was not as good as a ruler as their father, and abused the rights of his nobles which led to a rebellion in England which then led to the signing of the Magna Carta | King John |
| What does the Magna Carta do | Limit the kings power |
| why did the English despise king John | he raised taxes, forced high prices on goods, fights with pope and is loosing resources as he is losing a war to France |
| who increased authority of the people by creating the Parliament in the late 1200's | King Edward I |
| Frances Parliament was broken down into three estates or classes, what where the 3 classes called | 1st--clergy,priests 2nd--nobles 3rd--townspeople,peasants |
| the townspeople of Europe where known as what | Slavs |
| What was the Largest group called | Rus |
| What was the Rus's capital | Kiev |
| How did the Rus become wealthy | their location between the trading routes of the Vikings and Byzantines |
| Who united the Mongols and conquered much of China | Temujin- Ghengis khan |
| To this day no other Empire amassed as large territory as the ______ did in the 13th century | Mongols |
| ____ of Saxony was elected king and brought much of German and northern Italy under on leader after defeating the ______ out of _______ | Duke Otto--Magyars and Hungary |
| A series of Christian military expeditions from western Europe between the years of 1096 CE to 1270 CE | Crusades |
| ______ were organized with the intent of recapturing Palestine and the holy city Jerusalem from the ____________ | Crusades----Muslim Seljuk Turk empire |
| Some impacts of Crusades | increased trade feudalism and manor system weakened paper introduced Nationalism begins in Europe |
| 3 effects of crusades | 1new ideas and products 2increased trade 3growth of intolerance |
| what are the 2 styles in architecture | 1 Romanesque 2 gothic |
| The Architecture style of a mixture of romans and byzantine style, rounded ceilings with heavy walls and small windows | Romanesque |
| a taller church with thinner walls and stained glass supported by flying buttresses | Gothic |
| What did students study at university's | grammar, public speaking, logic, arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy |
| Students at university's did not what | take notes, had no books and had to memorize everything |
| What are troubadours | love songs often sung by traveling acting troupes |
| what are heroic epics | written adventures stories about knights and lords |
| In japan who was educated | all men and woman |
| what are the 4 types of literature in Japan | Calligraphy Haiku Noh Tale of Genji |
| 3 Architecture things in Japan | Shinto shrines Buddhist temples Gardens |
| 3 Japan writing styles | kanji hiragana katakana |
| during medieval period Japan was heavily influenced by who and in what areas | china-art, litature, science, and religion |
| The church provided many ____and _____to society | advancements and contributions |
| ________was handled by the church so the preservation of knowledge and ______fell to the church | education-writing |
| the church was active in ______ affairs | political |
| As society began advancing many people became disturbed by the _____power and ____ of the catholic church | abuses-religion |
| the catholic church _____ almost every part of people lives | affective |
| what was one common practice in the middle ages | Anti-Semitism--hostility toward Jews |
| who was blamed for many explained events or problems in a village | the Jewish |
| in What year did the west Europeans drive the Jews out of their lands | 1100's |
| The Jewish populations settled in eastern Europe or into Spain controlled by who | Controlled by the Muslim Moors |
| when did the Great Schism take place | 1378-1417 |
| Two or more people claimed to be the ___ through this period which caused much more confusion | pope |
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