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Heat & Thermo

TermDefinition
1st Law of Thermodynamics Energy can be changed from one form to another, but it CAN’T be created or destroyed (Law of Conservation of Energy).
2nd Law of Thermodynamics Heat flows from a hot object to a cold object. Heat cannot be converted completely into useful work. Every isolated system becomes disordered.
3rd Law of Thermodynamics As a system approaches absolute zero, all processes cease and the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value.
0th Law of Thermodynamics If object 1 is in thermal equilibrium with object 2, and object 2 is in equilibrium with object 3 then object 1 is in equilibrium with object 3.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory All molecules have kinetic energy at all times.
Internal Energy The energy associated with the random, disordered motion of molecules.
Temperature The average kinetic energy of an object’s molecules.
Heat The transfer of energy from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object.
Thermal Equilibrium Eventually, the system and the surroundings reach the same temperature and the heat transfer stops.
Thermal Expansion When an object’s temperature increases, it will expand.
Latent Heat The heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapor, or a liquid into a vapor, without change of temperature.
Phase Change A physical change of a substance from one state (gas, liquid, solid) to another at constant pressure and temperature.
Conduction Transfer of energy (as heat) between particles as they collide within a substance or between two objects.
Conductors Materials that conduct heat well.
Insulators Materials that resist the transfer of heat.
Convection Transfer of energy by the movement of fluids (can be liquid or gas) with different temperatures.
Radiation Transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves.
Specific Heat The value of energy that will change the temperature of 1kg of that substance by 1'C.
Entropy Disorder/chaos at the molecular level.
Created by: cfhsphysics
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