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Pharmacodynamics

How a drug changes the body

QuestionAnswer
Median Effective Dose (ED50) The dose required to produce a specific therapeutic response in 50% of the clients (standard or average dose)
Median Lethal dose (LD50) The dose of a drug that would be lethal in 50% of a group of animals.
Drugs therapeutic index is related to it's margin of safety? The larger the difference between LD50 AND ED50, the greater Therapeutic Index(safety margin)
Median Toxicity Dose (TD50) Don't test the lethal dose on humans, get data from animal trials or determine toxicity from adverse effects reported from human trials.
Phase 1 of dose response very few target cells have been affected by the drug
Phase 2 of drug response shows linear relationship btwn amt of drug administered and degree of response obtained
Phase 3 of drug response plateau, where no further response occurs with higher dose
Potency more powerful, measure of drug activity. More potent the drug will produce a therapeutic effect at the lower dose compared to another drug in the same class. Fentanyl is more potent than oxycodone
Efficacy The ability to produce a desired result; the magnitude of maximal response that can be produced from a druf
Affinity The strength of attraction btwn a receptor and a ligand (like a magnet)
Agonist A drug that produces the same type of response as an endogenous substance (>, or = response)
Partial Agonist A drug that produces a weaker response (but still a response) than an endogenous substance (decrease efficacy than agonist)
Antagonist A drug that binds to a receptor and dose Not induce a cell response (has affinity for the receptor but does not produce in a biochemical response) (blocker)
 

 



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