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jarvisbriggs
Endocrine system test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A hypersecretion of ADH can cause a condition called diabetes insipidus. | FALSE |
| Graves disease and myxedema have the same cause; it just depends on when in life the deficiency occurs. | FALSE |
| The hormone used to detect pregnancy is released by the ovaries. | FALSE |
| The hyposecretion of melatonin is linked to depression. | FALSE |
| The releasing and inhibiting hormones released by the hypothalamus regulate hormone release by the posterior pituitary gland. | FALSE |
| Glycosuria is the result of a hypersecretion of the hormone insulin by the pancreas. | FALSE |
| *Explain how endocrine and exocrine glands are different | Exocrine: discharge secretions into ducts. Endocrine: are ductless and secrete chemicals (called hormones) directly into blood stream. |
| *Why hypothalamus is mentioned in this chapter | The combined nervous and endocrine functions of the hypothalamus allow nervous system to influence many endocrine functions. |
| *How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes different | Type 1 pancreatic islets secrete too little insulin, Type 2 abnormality of insulin receptors preventing normal effects of insulin on its target cells thus raising blood glucose levels. |
| *Example of negative feedback regulation of a hormone, explain. | secretion of most hormones is regulated by negative feedback mechanisms that tend to reverse any deviations from normal. example, increase in blood glucose triggers secretion insulin. Because insulin promotes glucose uptake by cells. |
| Endocrine system | All organ are glands, produce hormones, and widely dispersed in the body. |
| Steroid hormone | Its receptors is in the nucleus of the target organ cells. |
| Acromegaly | caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone |
| Dwarfism | caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone |
| Oxytocin | causes contractions of the uterus during labor, hormone regulated by positive feedback loop, and stimulates milk let down. |
| Thryoxine | has more target cells than ADH |
| Calcitonin | prevents hypercalcemia |
| Goiter | can be caused by inadequate intake of iodine in diet. |
| Parathyroid hormone | increases amount of calcium in the blood |
| Glucagon and insulin | are antagonists of each other |
| Thymus gland | composed of a cortex and medulla, produces thymosin, and important in body immune system. |
| Pineal gland | located in the brain, produces melatonin, and helps regulate "biological clock". |
| Pituitary gland | composed of two endocrine glands and located in sella turica of the sphenoid bone. |
| Glucocorticoid | released by the adrenal cortex, increases glucose level of blood, and is an anti inflammatory . |
| Follicle stimulating hormone | begins development of an egg in ovary. |
| Calcitonin | reduces level of calcium in the blood. |
| Triiodothyronine | Thyroid hormone that contains three atoms of iodine. |
| ADH | released by posterior pituitary and increases water retention. |
| Aldosterone | Example of a mineralocorticoid |
| Luteinizing hormone | an increase in this level of hormone causes ovulation. |
| Oxytocin | stimulates muscle contraction in pregnant uterus and brings about labor. |
| Epinephrine | released by adrenal medulla and reinforces effects of sympathetic nervous system. |
| Insulin | released by pancreatic islets and causes drop in blood sugar. |
| Growth hormone | hypersecretion of this hormone causes acromegaly. |
| Thymosin | plays an important role in the development and functioning of the immune system. |
| Glucagon | released by pancreatic islets cells and increases level of glucose in the blood. |
| Melatonin | made in pineal glands and affects the biological clock. |
| ACTH | Produced in pituitary gland and stimulates the release of hormones from adrenal |
| The endocrine system and nervous system performs the same general function, but activity of the endocrine system is slower and more long lasting | TRUE |
| If a hormone receptor is in the nucleus, it is a receptor for a steroid hormone | TRUE |
| The term "tissue hormone" is another name given to prostaglandins. | TRUE |
| Calcitonin is produced by the thyroid gland | TRUE |
| The parathyroid glands are found in the neck | TRUE |
| Glucagon and insulin are antagonistic hormones | TRUE |
| Type 1 diabetes is a pancreatic problem; type 2 diabetes is a cellular problem | TRUE |
| The pineal gland is found in the brain | TRUE |
| Atrial matriuetic hormone and aldosterone have opposite effects on both blood sodium level and the amount of water retained by the kidney | TRUE |
| Tropic hormones stimulates other endocrine glands | TRUE |
| The thyroid gland is unusual because it is able to store a considerable amount of its hormone. | TRUE |
Created by:
jarvisbriggs