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Faults, EQs, Volcano
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where do volcanoes most likely form in the pacific region of the world? | Where two tectonic plates meet. |
| The Hawaiian Islands were formed because _____________________. | A hot spot in the ocean floor allowed magma to move up and form the islands |
| The opening in a volcano that magma flows out onto Earth's surface. | Vent |
| How are volcanoes constructive forces? | Add new rocks to the land surface. |
| At converging continental plate boundaries, folding occurs. What type of stress force causes this? | Compression |
| What type of mountains are the Appalachians? Remember they were formed by two continental plates pushing together. | Folded mountains |
| Fault-block mountains form when __________________________. | the land between two normal faults is uplifted. |
| What type of fault is associated with tectonic plates sliding past each other? | strike-slip |
| When rock breaks and changes the layers of the crust underneath, ________ occurs. | faulting |
| ______________ forces cause two fault boundaries to slide past each other. | shearing |
| Records from how many seismograph stations are used to locate the epicenter? | 3 |
| Which is closest to the seismograph station? A P:S lag time of 10 minutes or a P:S lag time of 8 minutes? | 8 minutes |
| The farther apart P, S and L waves are in arrival time at a seismograph station, the ________________ the epicenter is located. | farther away |
| When looking at a circle diagram from three seismograph stations, how do you know were the epicenter is located? | It is the single point where all three circles intersect. |
| Sudden tectonic plate shifts cause _____________. | Earthquakes |
| What type of stress is placed on the San Andreas fault given the Pacific plate is moving NW and the North American plate is moving SE. | Shearing |
| An earthquake's energy is released in the form of __________. | seismic waves |
| In which direction do seismic waves carry an earthquake's energy? | away from the focus. |
| The point on Earth's surface where the greatest amount of energy is released is the __________________. | epicenter |
| These waves only move through solid rock, move side to side or up and down. | S waves |
| Which seismic wave type causes the most damage? | Surface (L) waves |
| Surface waves move ___________ than P or S waves | slower |
| P and S waves are used to explore Earth's interior because they change ________ as they move from one media to another. | speed |
| How does the focus of an earthquake differ from its epicenter? | Focus is underground...where rock actually breaks Epicenter is on the surface directly above the focus. |
| Which seismic wave travels fastest? | Primary (P) waves |
| Which seismic wave travels slowest? | Surface (L) waves |
| Which seismic wave travels slower than a primary wave and faster than a surface wave? | Secondary (S) waves |
| Which waves travel through solids and liquids? | Primary (P) waves |
| Which waves travel through solid rock only? | Secondary (S) waves |
| What is the difference in time of a P wave that arrives at a seismic station at the 2.5 minute mark and an S wave that arrives at the 5.5 minute mark? | 3 minutes |
| What is the greatest benefit of studying and measuring seismic waves? | Mapping Earth's internal structure. |
Created by:
WKMS8thScience