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Livestock Test ?'s

Question	Answer
The section of the vertebrae that makes up the neck in cattle, swine, or sheep is the:	Cervical vertebrae
The “Femur” is classified as what type of bone?	Long
Which is NOT a function of the skeletal system?	blood storage
Hormones are organic catalysts that influence the growth and development of the body are produced in the:	endocrine system
In what part of the respiratory system are the passages from the nostrils and the mouth joined?	pharynx
The pancreas gland produces which hormone?	insulin
Which nutrients have the highest energy value?	fats
Which amino acid is nonessential in swine rations due to being synthesized in the body?	Cystine
Which major mineral is often lacking in animal rations is:	calcium
The proportion of the total variation in offspring from parents due to additive gene effects:	heritability
Which trait in beef cattle has the highest heritability estimate?	ribeye area
Which trait in sheep has the lowest heritability estimate?	feed efficiency
The diploid number (pairs of chromosomes) for sheep is:	27
Which gland in the male produces the sperm cells?	testicles
The average age for cattle to reach puberty is:	6-8 months
The average length of the estrus cycle in swine is:	21 days
What is the average number of days in the length of gestation for sheep?	148
The release of the egg from the ovary is called:	ovulation
Which factor does NOT affect the demand for beef	location of consumers
Which region of the United States produces the most beef cattle?	Southwest
How many breeds of beef cattle are available to producers in the United States?	50+
The Chianina breed of beef cattle which is one of the oldest originated in which country?	Italy
Which breed of cattle was the first to have a herdbook published in the United States?	Shorthorn
Which breed of cattle is classified as a Bos indicus type?	Brahman
What percent of cash income from livestock and crops come from beef in the United States?	18%
Which of the following wholesale cuts of beef are high-value?	rib
What is the standard number of days that beef cattle weaning weights are adjusted to?	205
Which breed of beef cattle has the highest standard birth weight in performance testing?	Maine Anjou
What term refers to the general conformation of a beef market animal?	type
When judging beef breeding classes, the proper term for the amount of fat cover is:	condition
The normal average body temperature for healthy beef cattle is	101.5F
What is the length of time that bacteria causing Anthrax can remain in the soil?	40 years
Pinkeye the common name of this disease carried by insects that affects the eyes of the animal:	Infectious Keratitis
Rapid fermentation in the rumen causing too much gas to be produced	Bloat
Which nutritional disease is a heart condition of beef cattle at high altitudes?	Brisket Disease
White Muscle disease is caused by a deficiency of the trace element:	selenium
Which state currently produces the most hogs?	Iowa
Which breed of swine has the highest performance in average litter size ratio?	Yorkshire
Which breed of swine is known to produce the largest loin muscle area based on performance tests?	Hampshire
The oldest known breed of swine developed in the early 1700’s:	Berkshire
A visual evaluation of the amount of muscle on a hog is best seen by looking at which view of the hog?	Rear
What term refers to the degree of refinement of head, hair, hide, and bone of the live hog?	quality
Which class of sheep is used primarily for meat production?	Medium Wool
Since 1970, which breed of sheep has had the largest number registered with their breed association?	Suffolk
Which fine wool breed of sheep originated in the United States?	Debouillet
The backfat on a market lamb should measure ____ at the twelfth rib.	0.15 to 0.20 inches
Range production accounts for____ percent of the total sheep production in the United States	70
The most commonly used method of classifying sheep is by:	Type of wool
A lack of what substance in the blood causes milk fever in sheep?	Calcium
What type of parasites are the most serious health problem for sheep?	Internal
The science in livestock production that studies the way in which traits of parents are passed on to	Genetics
Which species of livestock has a diploid number (number of pairs of chromosomes) of 19?	Swine
What takes place when a sperm cell from the male reaches an egg cell from the female	Fertilization
Which trait for beef cattle has the highest heritability estimate?	Rib eye area
Which trait in swine has the lowest heritability estimate?	Birth weight
Genotype refers to the:	Combination of genes
When chromosomes pairs are divided in such a manner that each gamete has one of each type of chromosome, the process is called:	Meiosis
The characteristics of an animal that are inheritable are passed from one generation to the next by:	Genes
Sperm cells are produced in the:	Testicles
The release of the egg cell from the ovary is called:	ovulation
The average length of gestation sheep is:	148 days
The length of the estrus cycle for sheep is:	16 days
The diploid number (pairs of chromosomes) for sheep is:	27
The average age for cattle to reach puberty is:	6 - 8 months
The first successful cloning of a vertebrate organism from mature body cells occurred in 1996 with which species?	sheep
Which is NOT a potential benefit of genetic engineering in livestock production?	developing new species of livestock
The process of inducing cows to produce several oocytes during each estrus cycle is:	superovulation
Porcine somatotropin (pST) is a protein produced in which gland of the pig?	pituitary
Mating animals of the same breed is called:	straightbreeding
The mating of two animals that can be traced back to one common ancestor is:	linebreeding
. What is a common disqualification in rules for registering animals in a breed association?	color markings
The majority of beef cow herd operations have how many cows?	1-49 head
Which factor does NOT affect the demand for beef?	availability of imported beef
What is a disadvantage of raising beef?	time required to develop a cattle herd
Which of the listed regions of the United States produces the most beef cattle?	North Plains
How many breeds of beef cattle are available to producers in the United States?	50+
The Simmental breed of beef cattle which dates back to the Middle Ages, originated in which country?	Switzerland
Which breed of cattle was the first to be imported to the United States?	Shorthorn
Which breed of cattle is classified as a Bos indicus type?	Brahman
What percent of cash income from livestock and crops come from beef in the United States?	18%
Which breed of cattle was in existence in Italy before the time of the Roman Empire?	Chianina
In 1927, the United States Congress appropriated money for which breed of cattle that were almost extinct?	Texas Longhorn
The Beef Promotion and Research Act of 1985 established a checkoff amount for every head of beef sold in the United States of:	$1.00
The method of marketing where cattle are sold by public bidding to the highest bidder is:	Auction Markets
Shrinkage of cattle as they are moved to market is NOT affected by:	Market price
The country of origin labeling became mandatory in what year?	2004
A beef carcass with slightly abundant marbling with a maturity level A will be what grade?	Prime
Which beef cattle yield grade indicates the highest yield of lean meat?	Yield Grade 1
Which of the following states produces the most swine?	North Carolina
Which breed of swine has the highest performance in average litter size ratio?	Yorkshire
Which breed of swine was developed in the United States	Poland China
Approximately what percent of the market hogs sold in the United States are priced on the basis of carcass merit?	70%
A futures contract for marketing hogs is based on units. One trading unit equals:	30,000 pounds
The traditionally recommended weight for marketing slaughter hogs has been:	200-220 pounds
Which state produces the most sheep and lambs?	California
The majority of sheep operations produce:	less than 100 head
Which breed of sheep is classified as a fine wool breed?	Rambouillet
Lambs under three months of age weighing less than 60 pounds sold in specialty markets between	Hothouse lambs
Lambs prices average higher during which period of the year?	March through May
The thickness of fat over the ribeye determines the yield grade for all slaughter sheep. A slaughter sheep with 0.26 to 0.35 inches of fat will grade:	Yield Grade 3
Adapting the behavior of animals to fit the need of humans is called:	domestication
Which species of livestock descended from two wild stocks known as “Sus scrofa” and “Sus vittatus”?	swine
Most present-day sheep descended from the wild sheep called Moufflons and the:	Asiatic urial
Which species of livestock does NOT belong to the family Bovidae?	swine
Which species of livestock is the most efficient into converting feed into energy and protein?	swine
How many different drugs such as Insulin and Epinephrine used by humans for medical purposes are made from animal by-products?	A. more than 100
Average beef consumption in the United States ranges from ___ pounds per person per year.	60 - 70
According to USDA, the greatest expense in the production of livestock is:	feed purchased
Which of the following states is in the Top 10 in the production of beef cattle, sheep, and swine?	Iowa
Joints in the skeleton of animals that allow free movement and have a fluid-filled cavity are called:	diarthroses joints
Much of the flesh referred to as meat in farm animals is composed of :	skeletal muscle
The part of the respiratory system where the passages from the nostrils and the mouth are joined:	pharynx
The ventricles and the atria are a part of which system in the animal’s body?	circulatory
Progesterone and Estrogen are both hormones produced in which gland?	ovary
In the ruminant digestive system, where is hydrochloric acid produced?	abomasum
Which amino acid listed is essential in swine rations?	Lysine
Which fat-soluble vitamin is associated with good bone development?	Vitamin D
Which vitamin do animals tend to produce enough of so that it does not need to be included as a specific nutrient in their rations?	Vitamin C
Diseases present in the animal’s body at levels too low to cause visible effects are:	subclinical
Feed additives used to control worms and other internal parasites are:	Anthelmintics
___ is a synthetic hormone feed additive that suppresses estrus.	Melengestrol acetate
Which agency regulates the use of feed additives in the United States?	Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Which is NOT a consideration for the use of feed additives?	increased nutrient content
___ was one of the exotic breeds of cattle from Europe introduced into the United States in	Chianina
Since 1970, the top ranked breed of beef cattle in terms of number registered has been the:	Angus
Which breed of cattle is the most popular in Europe?	Simmental
Which breed of cattle was originally developed as a draft or work animal?	Maine-Anjou
Which breed of cattle is believed to have descended from Bos longifrons, a small type of aboriginal cattle in Britain?	Devon
Which breed is classified as a “dual-purpose” breed (milk and meat)?	South Devon
Frame score is a measurement based on observation and height measurement when calves are evaluated at ____ days of age.	205
____ is a measure of the degree of difference between the offspring of a specific bull and the offspring of the average bull of the breed in the trait being measured.	EPD
The carcass merit of cattle is expressed by yield grade. Which yield grade is assigned when a carcass yields from 50.1% - 52.3%?	yield grade 2
Which of the following terms should only be used when talking reasons for breeding cattle and not for market classes?	condition
A chronic degenerative disease that affects the central nervous system of cattle (also called “Mad Cow Disease”):	Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Cattle infected with this disease often abort during the last half of pregnancy.	Brucellosis
Brisket disease affects the____ in cattle?	heart
Which breed of swine has an average litter size ratio of 100 when compared to other breeds?	Yorkshire
Which information is NOT typically required for the registration of individual hogs?	Number of teats
Application of genetic principles to performance records in swine selection results in:	Estimated Breeding Values
Normal temperature range for swine is:	102.0°F to 103.6°F
Which disease affects the turbinate bones in swine?	Atropic Rhinitis
A swine nutritional health problem caused by a lack of iron in the diet.	Anemia
The sudden death of heavily muscled hogs is referred to as:	Porcine Stress Syndrome
Which breed of sheep is classed as a Medium Wool?	Shropshire
The breed of sheep noted for producing a 200 to 250 percent lamb crop:	Finnsheep
A majority of meat goats are a cross of Spanish goats and goats.	Boer
Bacterial disease that affects both sheep and goats when the animal has a wound. Symptoms include stiffness, rigid jaw, and inability to eat.	Tetanus
Scrapie is a disease of both sheep and goats that affects the:	brain
Milk Fever is a nutritional disease affecting both sheep and goats during lactation due to a lack of ____in the blood.	calcium
The most serious health problem of sheep and goats is:	Internal parasites
Which species of livestock has a diploid number of 27 (pairs of chromosomes)?	Sheep
Which trait in beef cattle has the highest heritability estimate?	Final feedlot weight
Sheep have the highest heritability estimate for which of the following traits?	Staple length
Which trait for swine has the lowest heritability estimate?	Litter size
The physical appearance of an animal is referred to as it:	Phenotype
Which hormone is responsible for the masculine appearance in animals?	Testosterone
Which species of livestock reaches puberty based on the season and not age?	Goats
The length of gestation for swine is an average of how many days?	114 days
The release of the egg from the ovary is called?	Ovulation
The most intensive form of inbreeding is called?	Closebreeding
When crossbreeding beef cattle with a 2-breed cross, which trait has the advantage over noncrossbred cattle?	Yearling weight
Which production trait in swine is not increased when crossing with a purebred sow?	Conception rate
What percent of beef cattle cow-calf operations in the United States have less than 50 head of cows?	77.5%
Which breed of beef cattle has been the leader on total number registered since 1970?	Angus
Which breed of beef cattle did NOT originate in Scotland?	Shorthorn
Which English breed of cattle was originally called Durhams?	Shorthorn
Which breed of polled cattle originated from horned cattle and were selected because of the recessive trait and not a breed know to be naturally polled?	Polled Hereford
Which breed of beef cattle in NOT white in color?	Saler
In beef cattle, a muscle conformation score for feeder calves of 1 indicates:	A. An exceptionally thin calf
Which of the following breeds of beef cattle has the heaviest birth weight for calves of either sex for performance testing	Charolais
If a steer produces a yield of 47.8% to 50% of carcass weight in boneless retail cuts, it has a yield grade of:	3
The Beef Check-off of $1 per head for every head of bee sold in the United States was established by:	The Beef Promotion and Research Act of 1985
Markets where cattle are sold by public bidding, with the animals going to the highest bidder, is:	Auction market
Cattle with a U.S. Quality Grade of Prime will have a marbling grade of:	Slightly Abundant
In some cattle a condition in which the lean meat is darker than normal is called:	Dark cutting beef
Which of the following states has the highest number of hogs and pigs?	North Carolina
In comparing breed performance for litter size in swine, which breed has the highest litter size ratio?	Landrace
Which purebred of swine can be traced back nearly 300 years?	Berkshire
Which of the breeds listed does not have red as one of its standard colors?	Pietrain
Which breed of hog is black with a white belt that encircles the fore part of the body?	Hampshire
The four primal cuts of a hog carcass represent what percent of the total value of the animal?	75%
Symbol III represents the ideal market hog of the future. One production characteristic of Symbol III is a live market weight of:	270 pounds
The Pork Promotion, Research and Consumer Information Act of 1985 established an assessment of _____ per $100 value of pork sold in the United States.	40¢
The major objection of boar meat is the odor of the meat called boar taint. One compound causing boar taint is:	Skatole
Approximately what percent of the market hogs sold in the United States are priced on the basis of carcass merit?	70%
A barrow or gilt having a U.S. No. one grade will produce a chilled carcass yielding or more of the four lean cuts.	60.4 percent
A barrow that grades a U.S. Number 2 and is thick muscled will have a back fat measurement of: A. Less than 1.00 inch	1.25 – 1.49 inches
What month of the year is the price of slaughter hogs the highest on average?	July
What is the unit of trading when marketing live hogs with a futures contract?	30,000 pounds (around 140 head)
Which listed state has the highest number of sheep and lambs?	California
The Columbia breed of sheep is classified as:	Crossbred wool
Which Medium Wool breed of sheep has a white face?	Dorset
Which Medium Wool breed was developed in the United States?	Montadale
____ is a term for the general build of a sheep.	Type
Which breed of goat is primarily used for breeding meat goats?	Boer
Sheep that are 7 to 12 months of age have the age classification of:	Lambs
Which live grade of sheep is used only on lambs and yearlings and NOT for slaughter lambs?	Prime
The retail cut of lamb identified as American-Style Roast comes from the:	Leg
Lamb prices vary throughout the year and reach a high during which time?	March to May
Goat meat is marketed under the name:	Chevon

Created by: RodriguezMaria

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