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SOCY 151
Exam 1
Question | Answer |
---|---|
The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe was: | Emile Durkheim |
Wright Mills pointed out that sociological awareness tends to be more widespread: | In times of social crisis |
The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by: | Auguste Comte. |
Two of sociology's early founders were: | Auguste Comte and Karl Marx |
Which theoretical approach is closest to that taken by early sociologists Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim? | structural-functional approach |
The structural-functional approach helps us to: | understand "what makes society tick." |
Which U.S. sociologist studied the African American community and served as a founding member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)? | W. E. B. Du Bois |
The chief characteristic of which theoretical approach is its view of society as orderly and stable? | the structural-functional approach |
The early U.S. sociologist who earned the first doctorate ever awarded by Harvard University to a person of color was: | W. E. B. Du Bois. |
For Karl Marx, the point of studying society was: | to reduce inequality. |
The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is: | the reality people construct as they interact with one another. |
Which early sociologist claimed that the important task was not to simply understand society but to change it? | Karl Marx |
The social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to highlight: | class differences in a high school population. gender inequality in college sports. racial inequality in a company's hiring and promotion practices. All of the above are correct. (Correct) |
Which theoretical approach highlights the fact that it is not so much what people do that matters as much as the meaning they attach to their behavior? | symbolic-interaction approach |
Which of the following is an accurate criticism of the structural-functional approach? | It ignores inequality that can generate tension and conflict. |
Societies throughout the world are increasingly interconnected. | True |
What might a sociologist say about why an individual chooses a particular person to marry? | This shows that the social world guides human behavior. |
According to sociologists, human behavior is the product of "free will." | False |
Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the __________ in the __________. | general; particular |
The sociological perspective reveals that people's lives are mostly a result of what they decide to do. | False |
The sociological perspective helps us assess the truth of the "common sense" beliefs most people take for granted. | True |
By saying that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that this point of view: | rejects the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives. |
From a sociological perspective, patterns of childbearing around the world suggest that the number of children born to a woman reflects: | whether she lives in a poor or rich society. |
Learning more about sociology helps us to: | see the opportunities in our lives. see the constraints in our lives. be more active participants in society. |
According to Comte, during the Middle Ages most people in Europe thought of society as: | an expression of God's will. |
A Norm is a rule or guideline | True |
Gerhard Lenski claims that technology has little importance in shaping cultural patterns. | False |
Hunting and gathering societies are nomadic | True |
Those who belong to a subculture find themsleves more at odds with dominant culture than someone who belongs to a counterculture. | False |
The United States has a popular culture but not a high culture. | False |
The YouTube video clip is about | The unwritten rules men use while utilizing public restrooms |
Socialization takes place entirely in childhood. | False |
The Harlow studies found that six months of social isolation was enough to permanently damage infant rhesus monkeys. | True |
The tragic case of Anna shows how human beings can eventually totally overcome the effects of severe social isolation. | False |
The "id" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic needs, which are unconscious and demand immediate satisfaction. | True |
A more common ward for "ego" in Freud's model of personality would be "conscience." | False |
According to Jean Piaget, language and other symbols are first used in the preoperational stage | True |
Which of the following concepts refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling? | personality |
The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys showed that: | monkeys isolated for as little as six months were permanently damaged. |
Jean Piaget's focus was on: | cognition how people think and understand. |
According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the world only through sensory contact? | sensorimotor stage |
_______ defines who and what you are in relation to others | social interaction |
What term refers to the process by which people creatively shape their world as they interact? | social construction of reality |
The surrounding area in which an individual makes some claim of privacy | personal space |
Another more common term for nonverbal communication is | body language |
According to Goffman, people usually make efforts to _.__________their intentions | idealize |
Social structure, including status and role provides a guide for everyday living. | True |
Typically, many roles are linked to a single status. | True |
Ethnomethodology is the study of how people present themselves to others. | False |
In everyday conversation, men tend to maintain more eye contact than women do. | False |
A person can enagage in the"presentation of self" online at websites such as FaceBook and SecondLife. | True |