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Thermodynamics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| enthalpy of formation | the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements under standard conditions, all reactants and products in their standards states |
| ionisation enthalpy | the standard enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is converted into one mole of gaseous ions each with a single positive charge |
| enthalpy of atomisation | the enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the element in its standard state under standards conditions |
| bond dissociation enthalpy | the enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous molecules each breaks a covalent bond to form two free radicals, averaged over a range of compounds |
| electron affinity | the standard enthalpy change when a mole of gaseous atoms is converted to a mole of gaseous ions, each with a single negative charge |
| lattice enthalpy | the standard enthalpy change when one mole of solid ionic compound is formed from its gaseous ions |
| enthalpy of hydration | the standard enthalpy change when water molecules surround one mole of gaseous ions |
| enthalpy of solution | the standard enthalpy change when one mole of solute dissolves completely in sufficient solvent to form a solution in which the molecules or ions are far enough apart not to interact with each other |
| Hess's Law | the overall enthalpy change for a reaction is independent of the route taken from reactants to products |
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