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ch 13
endocrine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Jerry drinks a few beers and soon has to urinate. The alcohol has | inhibited secretion of ADH |
| Growth hormone signals the release of | IGF-1 |
| The _______ secretes triiodothyronine. | thyroid gland |
| Cortisol | stimulates the production of glucose from noncarbohydrates. |
| The pineal gland is located | attached to the thalamus |
| The secretion of parathyroid hormone is controlled primarily by the | concentration of blood calcium |
| Hyposecretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex leads to | addison disease |
| The hormone that the pineal gland secretes is | melatonin |
| A person who is stressed usually has increased | blood pressure |
| Tropic hormones | stimulate certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones. |
| __________ controls hormone concentrations. | Negative feedback |
| ADH and oxytocin are secreted by | neurosecretory cells |
| Up-regulation of a target cell can occur in response to | prolonged decrease in the level of a hormone. |
| An up-regulated cell has an increase in | the number of receptors available for binding. |
| Another name for antidiuretic hormone is | vassopressin |
| Nerve fibers in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland secrete | antidiuretic hormone |
| Oxytocin is administered to women following childbirth to stimulate | uterine contractions |
| As a result of the general stress response, blood concentrations of epinephrine | and cortisol rise |
| All hormones are | organic compounds |
| A hormone is a ______ and the target cell is __________. | molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones |
| Hormones that the posterior pituitary secretes are synthesized in the | hypothalamus |
| Which of the following hormones requires a releasing hormone from the hypothalamus for its secretion? | prolactin |
| Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to | conserve sodium and excrete potassium |
| Secretion of insulin causes | a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus results from | insensitivity of cells to insulin |
| The Edmonton protocol is | a pancreatic islet transplant |
| Athletes abuse erythropoietin (EPO) because this hormone | increases the number of red blood cells |
| "Endocrine" means | internal secretion |
| Growth hormone signals the release of IGF-1 from the | liver |
| Cortisol is useful in controlling inflammation reactions because it | decreases the permeability of capillaries. |
| A hormone with an effect that lasts for days would have a | long half life |
| Exocrine glands differ from endocrine glands in that exocrine glands | secrete through ducts or tubes to the body's exterior |
| Type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by | excess sugar in the diet |
| The thymus gland secretes hormones called _____ that _______. | thymosins; control production and differentiation of white blood cells |
| Diabetes insipidus is caused by | ADH deficiency |
| Secretions that affect only nearby cells are termed | paracrine |
| The blood concentration of growth hormone | rises at puberty and levels off after adolescence |
| A nonsteroid hormone acts on a target cell by | causing synthesis of a second messenger |
| Simple goiter is most prevalent where the soil lacks | iodine |
| A sweat gland is an example of a(n) _______ gland. | exocrine |
| A hormone has a half-life of 20 minutes. After an hour, ___ percent of the original number of molecules remains. | 12.5 |
| Nonsteroid hormones cause _________________ in their target cells. | activation of adenylate cyclase |
| One of the hallmarks of Graves disease is | goiter |
| Melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which regulates the formation of melanin, is produced by the | intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. |
| Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions? | pancreas |
| With age, | levels of GH decrease but of ADH increase |
| The specificity of hormone action derives from | target cell receptors that are unique for the hormone type |
| The hormone that stimulates calcium deposition into bone is | calcitonin |
| Thyroxine | enhances the rate at which proteins are synthesized. |
| Maxwell has a very high metabolic rate, is skinny, and has protruding eyes. These are symptoms of | hyperthyroidism |
| Which of the following hormones primarily affects the reproductive organs? | Follicle-stimulating hormone |
| In addition to a drop in blood calcium concentration, a symptom of hypoparathyroidism is | muscle cramps |
| Down-regulation of a target cell can occur in response to | prolonged increase in the level of a hormone |
| Pheromones differ from hormones in that | they are transmitted between members of the same species. |
| A steroid hormone acts on a target cell by | directly causing protein synthesis |
| Graves disease, the most common form of hyperthyroidism, is caused by | an autoimmune disorder |
| Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system | may have a longer lasting effect |
| Diabetes mellitus results in | urine with high osmotic pressure |
| Secretion of glucagon causes | an increase in the concentration of blood glucose |
| Which of the following statements is correct with respect to T3 and T4? | About one third of T4 is converted to T3 in peripheral tissues. |
| Dopamine from the hypothalamus | inhibits secretion of prolactin |
Created by:
lula78