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Hair coloring
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Predisposition test | Also known as a patch test, is applying a small amount of product on the skin to check for sensitivity and/or an allergic reaction to a product/chemical |
| Processing stand test | Determines if the haircolor is absorbing and processing evenly |
| Color wheel | A support tool for the law of color to visually show how all colors are created |
| Law of color | A system that provides an understanding of color relationships |
| Primary colors | The three basic colors- red, yellow, blue- from which all other colors are produced |
| Secondary colors | Created by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions |
| Tertiary colors | Created by mixing a primary color with a neighboring secondary color |
| Complementary colors | Created by mixing a primary and a secondary color that are located opposite of each other on the color wheel |
| Tone | Also known as hue, is the balance of color |
| Undertone | Also known as contributing pigment, is the warm or cool tone seen within the predominant haircolor |
| Intensity | The strength of the colors appearance |
| Cortex | The middle layer of hair, made up of elongated cells containing melanin and keratin |
| Medulla | The innermost layer of hair composed of round cells; hair missing the medulla is fine or fragile |
| Melanin | The coloring matter that provides us with the natural color of our hair and skin; also known as pigment |
| Eumelanin | Produces brown to black pigments in the hair |
| Pheomelanin | Produces yellow to red pigments in the hair |
| Level system | A system used to determine lightness or darkness of a color |
| Level | The degree of lightness or darkness of a color |
| Canities | The medical term for gray hair; the result of a gradual decline in melanin |
| Presoftening | The technique that allows for better haircolor penetration by softening the cuticle; often used prior to haircoloring resistant and/or gray hair |
| Chemistry | The science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different chemical conditions |
| Chemical | A substance used in, or produced by, the process of chemistry |
| Organic chemistry | The study of living or previously living organisms containing carbon |
| Inorganic chemistry | The study of not living or never living organisms t that do not contain carbon |
| Matter | Substance that has mass and occupies space; occurs in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas |
| Element | The simplest form of matter. It cannot be broken down into a simpler substance |
| Atom | The smallest chemical part of an element |
| Proton | Particles in an atom that have a positive charge |
| Neutron | Particles in an atom that have a neutral charge (having no positive or negative charge) |
| Electron | Particles in an atom that have a negative charge |
| Ion/ions | An atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms chemically joined, and retain their chemical and physical properties to form matter |
| Compound molecules | Also known as compounds, are a chemical combination of two or more atoms from different elements |
| Oxidation | The chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen is released from a substance; this reaction assists in the development of color on the hair |
| Pure substances | Have definite chemical and physical properties |
| Solutions | Stable mixtures of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases or a combination of these |
| Solvent | A substance that is capable of dissolving another substance |
| Suspension | A mixture in which small particles of a substance are dispersed throughout a gas or liquid. If left undisturbed the particles are likely to settle and separate |
| Emulsion | The suspension of one liquid in a second liquid with which the first will not mix |
| Ammonia | A gas with a strong odor, made up of nitrogen and hydrogen |
| Alkanolamines | Used to neutralize acids or raise the pH. May be used in place of ammonia because they create less odor |
| Aniline derivatives | Small compounds, also known as uncolored dye precursors, found in permanent haircolor |
| Acid | Ranges from 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale |
| Alkaline | Ranges from 7.1 to 14 on the pH scale |
| Non-oxidative haircolor | Temporary colors; no chemical mixing or reaction takes place to produce these colors on the hair |
| Oxidative haircolor | (Chemical change) creates a chemical change in the hair therefore providing longer lasting haircolor results. Types of these haircolors are permanent haircolor and demi-permanent haircolor |
| Developer | Also known as catalyst or hydrogen peroxide, oxidizing agent added to haircolor or lightener that assists in the development process; it is manufactured in various strengths, known as volumes or percentages |
| Decoloration | The technique of removing natural hair color or artificial haircolor from the hair |
| Lightener | Also known as bleach or decolorizers, will lift permanently by diffusing, dissolving or decolorizing the natural or artificial pigment in the cortex |
| On the scalp lightener | Come in an oil, cream and some powder forms and are able to be used on the scalp |
| Off the scalp lightener | Also known as quick lighteners,come in a powder form and are not able to be used on the scalp |
| Toner | Semi-permanent or demi-permanent haircolor product used on pre-lightened hair to neutralize unwanted pigment |
| Filler | Used to equalize porosity and replace missing pigment in one application |
| Concentrate | A product used to make another product more intense, vibrant, stronger, or purer |
| Drabber | A concentrate haircolor used to increase the ability of a haircolor to neutralize unwanted warmth of color |
| Intensifier | A concentrated haircolor that when added to another haircolor, is used to deepen, brighten or create a more vivid look |
| Natural hair dye | Also known as vegetable hair dye, non-professional haircolor made from various plants; henna |
| Metallic dye | Also known as gradual dye, is a non-professional haircolor containing metals that after continuous use, build up on the hair (should not be used with any professional chemicals) |
| Demi-permanent haircolor | Deposits or adds color to existing color; however, it does not lighten the hair |
| Permanent haircolor | Can deposit and/or lighten the natural pigments located in the cortex layer of the hair |
| Virgin haircolor application | The first time hair is colored |
| Single process haircolor | A single application of haircolor to either lighten the natural hair color or to deposit haircolor to the hair strand |
| Double process haircolor | A two-step technique involving lightening of the hair, followed by application of toner to achieve desired haircolor |
| Glaze | The technique of applying demi-permanent or semi-permanent haircolor to hair to add shine and/or refresh color |
| Semi-permanent haircolor | A deposit-only haircolor that penetrates into the cuticle layer of the hair shaft |
| Line of demarcation | A visible line or band between two different haircolors, artificial or natural |
| Temporary haircolor | Type of haircolor that coats the hair surface covering only the cuticle |
| Resistant hair | Cuticle scales are flat, causing minimal liquid absorption |
| Special effects | Techniques used to create texture, as well as various dimensions of color |
| Dimensional haircolor | Utilizing two or more haircolors and/or techniques to create depth, movement, and shape |
| Highlighting | The technique of coloring some hair strands lighter than their natural color (typically a foiling technique) |
| Lowlighting | The technique of coloring some hair strands darker than their natural hair color (typically a foiling technique) |
| Foiling technique | Involves weaving or slicing out specific stands of hair for depositing haircolor or lightening |
| Weaving | Is performed by coloring alternating selected stands from a thin subsection of hair |
| Slicing | Haircoloring technique that isolates thin subsections of hair in a straight line pattern |
| Combustion | The rapid oxidation of any substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light |
| Target-market | When you direct your marketing efforts towards those individuals who are most likely to purchase your services and products |
| Rebooking | The process of scheduling your current guests next appointment prior to them leaving your salon |
Created by:
Laurenmarie1992