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Rocks and Minerals

TermDefinition
mineral a naturally occurring, inorganic substance formed that is solid and has a crystal structure not formed from living things
crystal structure a definite pattern in the way that particles in a substance are arranged
Moh's Hardness Scale a scale to study the range of hardness of different minerals
luster how a mineral reflects light from its surface
hardness the ability of a mineral to resist being scratched
cleavage the tendency of a mineral to break along a flat surface
fracture the tendency of a mineral to break along a non-flat surface
streak the color of a mineral in powder form
crystallization the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure
solution a mixture in which one substance dissolves in another
vein a narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different from the surrounding rock
geode a rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with mineral crystals
element a substance than cannot be broken into 2 or more substances
compound a substance made of 2 or more elements that have been chemically combined
inorganic non-living or not coming from a living thing
fluorescence a mineral's ability to glow under ultraviolet light
texture how a rock feels or looks on the surfacde of the rock itself
Fine grained small sized rock grains that are hard to see
coarse grained large and easy to see grains in rock
Porphyry A rock with large crystals surrounded by small crystals
Intrusive an igneous rock that forms from lava on the surface
extrusive an igneous rock that forms from magma that cool inside the crust
sediment small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things
compaction sediments that are pressed together in layers
erosion water or wind loosen and cary away fragments of rock
cementation dissolved minerals glur sediements together
deposition sediements settle out of water or wind
Clastic rock that forms when fragements are squeezed together
Chemical rock that forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize
organic type of rocks that form where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers
foliated metamorphic rocks that have their grains arranged in parrallel layers or bands
non-foliated when mineral grains in metamorphic rocks are arranged randomly
Created by: 1968237725
 

 



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