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According to C.W. Mills, people need to focus first on solving their personal troubles and only when these are solved should they move on to social or public issues.
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The sociologist C. Wright Mills argued that...
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Sociology
Exam #1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to C.W. Mills, people need to focus first on solving their personal troubles and only when these are solved should they move on to social or public issues. | False. |
| The sociologist C. Wright Mills argued that... | people experience the troubles they face as personal, without understanding the role of larger impersonal causes. |
| The sociologist C. Wright Mills said that many people in society feel “trapped” because | They have difficulty seeing beyond their immediate situation and they do not understand that public issues influence their lives. |
| Miner described Nacirema rituals in order to illustrate | the fact that every society’s customs probably look odd to outsiders |
| According to Miner, a good way to determine a particular family’s wealth is to count how many _________ it has/makes. | shrines |
| According to Coontz, (“How History and Sociology Can Help Today’s Families”), two people who are trying to raise children while they both work full time… | are going to feel stressed and/or angry |
| According to Coontz, (“How History and Sociology Can Help Today’s Families”), what we need to realize about “situated social power” is that… | people with power tend to assume it doesn’t matter – even when it does |
| Which of the following quotes from Collins (“The sociological eye and its blinders”) is most closely related to his concept of “the sociological eye?” | “For virtually all disciplines, the…world is a sideshow. For sociologists, it is our arena of discovery, and the source…(of) our enthusiasm.” |
| While walking down the street, Rachel notices a homeless man. Which of the following is an example of Rachel using her sociological imagination? | She thinks to herself, “I wonder if he lost his home due to the meth epidemic?” |
| ____________’s idea that rich people deserve their riches and poor people deserve their poverty, is tied to the theory of __________ | Herbert Spencer; natural selection |
| The manifest function of wearing glasses is... | to see better |
| “Society is an entity or whole that is made up of many integrated parts." Which paradigm does this represent? | functionalism |
| Which of the following factors helped spur the creation of sociology? | the technological and political changes experienced by industrializing societies |
| According to Durkheim, mechanical solidarity predominates in | premodern societies. |
| Which theorist argued that everything in society is secondary to economic reality? | Karl Marx |
| Sociology arose in part as an attempt to explain ____________ caused by industrialization. | social change |
| How many homeworks are there this semester in Sociology 001? | 9 |
| Which of the following factors helped spur the creation of sociology? | The increase in contacts between very different cultures. |
| According to Professor Collins, the core of sociology is… | a distinctive intellectual activity. |
| Which of the following is/are public issues having to do with war? | Ruthless international competition over territory |
| Sociology definiton | the scientific study of interactions and relations among human beings. |
| W. I. Thomas | A sociologist who created a theorem known as the Thomas Theorem. |
| Thomas Theorem | If one truly wants to understand why people do things they do, one mus take into account not only what is really going on in a particular situation but also what people think is going on. EX: Fire in move theater. |
| WEB DuBois | Was the first man of African decent to receive a PhD from Harvard. Agreed with Marx that society was conflict ridden but felt he overlooked race. |
| NAACP and WEB DuBois | helped found the NAACP in 1909. Eventually, DuBois ideas became too radical as he promoted segregation and gave up his US status to move to Ghana. |
| Karl Marx | Created the communist manifesto and the most crucial part of a society was the economic system... mode of production and the distribution of goods. Art, religion, morals, etc. wee second to the economy. |
| Proletariat | Karl Marx: consisted of workers- people who survived by selling heir labor to the bourgeoisie. |
| Bourgeoisie | Karl Marx: Consisted of people who owned the means of production- specifically, the owners of the factories that produced the goods sold and distributed throughout society. |
| Social Facts | Durkheim: those things in society that transcend or are bigger than individuals. Social facts are the domain of sociology. |
| Mechanical Solidarity | Durkheim: Similar circumstances led them to have shared ideas, values, and goals creating a collective conscience. This made them mechanical b/c people in the community functioned as a simple machine. |
| Organic Solidarity | Durkheim: As people begin to specialize and be different, they grew more dependent on each other b/c society functions as a complex entity that depends on the proper functioning of a variety of parts and organs. |
| Durkheim and Suicide Rates | Found that suicide rates were strongly influenced by social factors (the economy or political changes, for example) |
| Social Darwinism | though by Herbert Spencer- Interested in how societies evolve. |
| "survival of the fittest" | Spencer: saw the world as a jungle in which only the superior ought to prosper. If we leave people alone to compete, the best will survive and the superior will perish. Society will then get better over time. |
| Spencer's views and the Poor | opposed public schools and any assistance to the poor because they were inferior. |
| Racial and Ethnic minorities according to Spencer | Used to justify white superiority to blacks. If blacks had a difficult time thriving in society it was because they were inferior. |
| Gemeinschaft | Tonnies: emotional based relationships or communal relationships. Ex: someone who loves their parents. Family and want affection |
| Gesellschaft | Tonnies: goal-driven relationships or social relationships. Ex: someone who enters in a relationship with a goal- a gold digger. |
| Weber and Rational behavior | Te fact that people had begun to see one another more and more as means to ends was part of a larger trend. The only behavior that makes sense... took it as more of a calculation. |
| C Wright Mills | Sharpened the sociological perspective of the sociological imagination. |
| The sociological imagination | the ability to look beyond "personal troubles" of individuals to see the public issues of social structure- the social forces operating in a larger society. |
| Personal Trouble | a result of something they did or did not do. |
| Public Issue | When a personal issue is widespread among many and become an epidemic. Ex: Depressed and wanting to kill yourself--> high suicide rates. |
| Individualism | The idea that in life people pursue their own ends, that people follow their own ideas. |
| Skepticism | When sociologists are skeptical of commonly accepted things. if one isn't a skeptic their is no reason to inquire any further. |
| Manifest Functions | Intended and obvious. Ex: Prisons are to protect society by locking up criminals |
| Latent Functions | unintended and frequently hidden. Ex: these criminals can go into prisoners and learn more about how to commit a crime from other prisoners. |
| Durkheim, Suicide as a social issue | Rates of suicide varied with the amount of social integration. If their social groups aren't strong the suicide rate goes up i that particular area. |
| Functional Paradigm | Values and norms are important in society, society is a whole made up of many parts (if one thing changes so must the others), society seeks stability and avoids conflict |
| Conflict Paradigm | Individuals in society have different beliefs and value different things, made up if subgroups that are ruthless competition for scarce resources, and conflict is normal in society (never any harmony). |
| Symbolic Interaction Paradigm | how people act depends on how they see reality,people learn fromothers how to see thisreality, people constantly workto interpret their own behavior and othersto seewhat they might mean, andwhen peopledo not attach the same meanings to behaviors=conflict |
| Culture Shock | Encounters with different cultures challenge one's taken-for-granted assumptions about the way things are and ought to be. |
| Yanamamo Indians | Sociologist Chagnon studied them for a year in south america. They were a dirty people but once he got used to them, he became one of them. Experienced a great deal of culture shock. |
| Cultural Relativism | the belief that other people and their ways of doing things can be misunderstood only in terms of the cultural context of some people. |
| What does cultural relativism mean for sociologists? | being objective enough to understand people's behaviors in terms of their culture and social situation. |
| Is sociology about finding what things are better of worse? | No. |
| Empirical | things that can be observed through the use of one's physical senses-- sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell. |
| Ethnocentrism | The process of judging other peoples and their customs and norms as inferior to one's own people, customs, and norms. |
| Inconvenient Facts | Weber- pieces of evidence that contradict what you have always believed about the social world. |
Created by:
klm151