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Matter Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the difference between the two kinds of pure substances? | Compounds and elements; compounds are chemically combined and made of multiple atoms or elements while elements are only made up of one type of atom and they can't be separated. Elements have their own box on the periodic table. |
| What are some characteristics of the molecules and atoms of a solid? | Together, compact, organized, slow speed |
| What are some characteristics of the molecules and atoms of a liquid? | Spread out, not organized, medium speed |
| What are some characteristics of the molecules and atoms of a gas? | Everywhere, fill up container, fast speed |
| What is the difference between vaporization and sublimation? | Vaporization is when a liquid turns into a gas while sublimation is when solid turns into a gas |
| How could you use indirect measurement to find the volume of a rock? | Displacement |
| What is an example of water in each phase of matter found on Earth? (underground, above ground, air (sky)) | Underground: underwater bikes; above ground: ocean, lake; air (sky): clouds, water vapor |
| What is an object with relatively large mass but has a relatively small volume? | A bowling ball, small weights |
| What is an object with relatively large volume but has a relatively small mass? | A balloon, bean bag |
| The density of copper is 8.9 g/cm3 and the density of platinum is 21.4 g/cm3. Which object has more atoms packed into it? | Platinum because the atoms are more compacted in the platinum |
| The Dead Sea's density is 1.166 g/mL and regular freshwater lakes have a density of 1.00 g/mL. Which would it be more easier to float in and why? | The Dead Sea because it has a higher density so it would be easier to float on |
| The transformation from a solid to a gas is called what? | Sublimation |
| The transformation from a gas to a solid is called what? | Deposition |
| The transformation from a solid to a liquid is called what? | Melting |
| The transformation from a liquid to a solid is called what? | Freezing |
| The transformation from a liquid to a gas is called what? | Evaporation |
| The transformation from a gas to a liquid is called what? | Condensation |
| What is an example of sublimation? | Dry Ice |
| What is an example of deposition? | Water vapor changing into ice; frost |
| What is an example of melting? | An ice cub melting into a liquid |
| What is an example of freezing? | Water turning into an ice cube whenever you put it in the freezer in ice cube things |
| What is an example of evaporation? | When it's very sunny and there is water on the ground or in lakes or something, the water is evaporated and it turns into a gas and it goes up into the clouds; boiling water |
| What is an example of condensation? | After the water is evaporated from the ground or lake and it turns into a gas and goes into the clouds, the gas turns back into a liquid because it turns into rain; glass sweating |
| What is Iron (Fe)? | Element |
| What is Chex Mix? | Heterogeneous Mixture |
| What is Salt? | Compound |
| What is Cobalt (Co) | Element |
| What is Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)? | Compound |
| What is Salt and Sand? | Heterogeneous Mixture |
| What is Lemonade? | Homogeneous Mixture |
| What is Carbon Monoxide (CO)? | Compound |
| What is Iron and Sugar? | Heterogeneous Mixture |
| How would you separate Chex Mix? | With your hands; you can sort it |
| How would you separate Salt and Sand? | Add water, filter it, boil it |
| How would you separate Lemonade? | Filter it, boil it (it will evaporate) |
| How would you separate Iron and Sugar? | Hold a magnet above to take out all the Iron Fillings |
| What is matter? | Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) |
| Matter is split into two types of substances. What are these substances? | Pure substances and mixtures |
| Pure substances are split into two types of substances. What are these substances? | Elements and compounds |
| Mixtures are split into two types of mixtures. What are these mixtures? | Heterogeneous Mixture and Homogeneous Mixture |
| What is an element? | Contain only one type of matter. It cannot be separated into simpler materials. Can be found on the periodic table. |
| What are some examples of elements? | Gold (Au), Magnesium (Mg), Chlorine (Cl), Hydrogen (H) |
| What is a compound? | Contains more than one kind of matter that is chemically joined together. It can't be physically separated. |
| What are some examples of compounds? | Baking Soda (NaHCO3), Vinegar (C2H4O2), Water (H2O) |
| What is a mixture? | A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined. They are physically combined and can be easily separated by physical means. Such as filtering, cooling, sorting, or heating. |
| What is a Homogeneous Mixture? | A mixture that is that same throughout. They are often solutions. |
| What are some examples of a Homogeneous Mixture? | Whole milk, lemonade, brass |
| What is a Heterogeneous Mixture? | A mixture that is not the same throughout. |
| What are some examples of a Heterogeneous Mixture? | Lucky Charms cereal, salad, chicken noodle soup |
| Is an element a Homogeneous Mixture or a Heterogeneous Mixture? | Homogeneous Mixture |
| Where are all the elements listed? | Period Table of Elements |
| Is a compound a Homogeneous Mixture or a Heterogeneous Mixture? | Homogeneous |
| Does separating a compound require a physical or chemical reaction? | Chemical reaction |
| Is there reaction between substances in a mixture? | No, there is no reaction |
| Mixtures that are uniform are called what? | Homogeneous Mixtures |
| Mixtures that are non-uniform are called what? | Heterogeneous Mixture |
| Can mixtures be separated into their components by a physical reaction or a chemical reaction? | Both, they can be separated physically or chemically |
| How many types of atoms are present in a pure element? | Only one type of atom |
| In a mixture, are the atoms combined or uncombined? | Uncombined |
| How many compounds are present in a pure compound? | One compound |
| In a mixture of two compounds, how many types of compounds are present? | Two types of compounds are present |
| What are properties of matter? | How we describe and classify matter |
| What are physical properties? | Can be observed or measured without changing the composition |
| What are intensive properties? | Properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present |
| What are extensive properties? | Properties that do depend on the amount of matter present |
| What are chemical properties? | Properties of matter that may be measured by performing a chemical reaction. It changes the substance you're measuring into a new substance. |
| What are characteristic properties? | A property that helps identify the substance |
| Density? | Describes the relationship between the mass and volume of an object and how tightly packed the atoms or molecules are in a substance |
| Hardness? | Measures how difficult it is to scratch an object |
| Elasticity? | Measures an object's ability to be stretched and return to its original size. Gives objects the ability to bounce without breaking. |
| Brittleness? | Measures an objects tendency to shatter upon impact |
| Malleability? | Measures how easy it is to pound something into thin sheets |
| Tensile Strength? | Measures how hard it is to break something by pulling it. Important property of wires. |
| Buoyancy? | The force exerted on an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. If the buoyant force is greater than its weight, the object floats. |
| Viscosity? | Measures how slowly a liquid pours |
| Phase? | The states in which matter can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas |
| Conductivity (heat or electricity)? | A measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current (or heat) |
| Solubility? | A measure of one substance's ability to dissolve in a specific amount of another substance (at standard temperature and pressure) |
| Magnetism? | A property conducted by the motion of electric charge, resulting in attractive and repulsive forces between objects |
| Freezing Point or Melting Point? | Freezing Point: The temperature at which the liquid freezes to become a solid; Melting Point: The temperature at which the solid melts to become a liquid. For each substance, freezing point=melting point. |
| Boiling Point? | The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor (AKA a gas) |
| Ductility? | The ability in a material, like steel, to be drawn out into thin wires without breaking |
| Mass? | Amount of matter in an object |
| Luster? | The way light interacts with the surface of a substance. How bright it is or how it shines. |
| pH? | A measurement of how acidic or basic a substance is |
| Volume? | Amount of space a substance occupies |
| Reactivity? | The rate at which a chemical substance tends to undergo a chemical reaction |
| Ability to rust? | The ability of a substance to react with oxygen and moisture to create a reddish flaky coating |
| Flammability? | The ability of a substance to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion |
| Toxicity? | The degree to which something is poisonous |
| Is density a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is hardness a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is elasticity a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is brittleness a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is malleability a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is tensile strength a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is buoyancy a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is viscosity a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is phase a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is conductivity (heat or electricity) a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is solubility a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is magnetism a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is freezing point or melting point a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is boiling point a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is ductility a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is mass a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Extensive |
| Is luster a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Intensive |
| Is pH a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Chemical; It doesn't have extensive or intensive properties |
| Is volume a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Physical; Extensive |
| Is reactivity a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Chemical; It doesn't have extensive or intensive properties |
| Is the ability to rust a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Chemical; It doesn't have extensive or intensive properties |
| Is flammability a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Chemical; It doesn't have extensive or intensive properties |
| Is toxicity a physical or chemical property? Intensive or extensive? | Chemical; It doesn't have extensive or intensive properties |
| What are atoms? | The smallest possible particle of an element |
| What are molecules? | The smallest possible particle of a compound |
| Atoms and molecules are always in motion. True or False? | True |
| What do molecules do in a solid? | They vibrate but they can't switch places with other molecules |
| Do the molecules in a liquid move faster or slower than a solid? | Faster |
| Can the molecules of a liquid slip out of position? | Yes, because liquid is not a definite shape |
| Why do liquids flow? | Because the molecules in a liquid can move |
| Liquids have a definite ____________________ but not a definite _________________. | Volume; Shape |
| Molecules are slow in gases and are closely packed together. True or False? | False; Molecules move very fast in gases and they are widely spread out and separated |
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