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Waves
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| periodic motion | repeated motion |
| equilibrium point | midline of wave or periodic motion (rest position) |
| amplitude | maximum displacement from equilibrium |
| period | time it takes to complete one cycle |
| frequency | number of cycles or vibrations |
| wave | disturbance that propagates through material medium or space |
| mechanical wave | a wave that transmit energy through a medium |
| electromagnetic wave | a wave that can transmit energy through a vacuum (no medium required) |
| longitudinal wave | displacement of the wave is parallel to the motion of the wave |
| transverse wave | displacement of the wave is perpendicular to the motion of the wave |
| medium | substance or material that carries a wave |
| pulse wave | single disturbance in a medium |
| periodic wave | repeated disturbance in a medium |
| wavelength | distance it takes for wave to repeat itself |
| trough | the point on the medium that exhibits the maximum amount of negative or downward displacement from the rest position |
| crest | the point on the medium that exhibits the maximum amount of positive or upward displacement from the rest position |
| wave speed | how fast a wave transmits its energy |
| reflection | return of a wave when it reaches a boundary of a medium |
| standing wave | the result of two waves with the same wavelength, frequency, and amplitude traveling in opposite directions through the same medium |
| node | points along the medium that appear to be standing still during each vibrational cycle; no displacement |
| antinode | points that undergo the maximum displacement during each vibrational cycle |
| refraction | bending of a wave pass from one medium into another; wave changes speed |
| diffraction | the spreading of a wave around a barrier or through an opening |
| superposition | two or more waves passing through the same location at the same time |
| superposition principle | the total displacement due to interference is the sum of the displacements of the individual waves |
| constructive interference | results in a larger amplitude (adds) |
| destructive interference | results in a smaller amplitude (subtracts) |
| resonance | large amplitude waves caused when the frequency of an applied force is equal to the natural frequency of an object |
| doppler effect | the change in frequency due to the relative motion of the wave source and the observer |
| loudness | amplitude of sound wave |
| pitch | frequency of sound wave |
| beat | the interference of sound waves caused by a slight difference in frequency from two sound sources |
| simple harmonic motion | repeated motion, moves around equilibrium point |
| vibration | oscillation occurs about an equilibrium point |
| compression | a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together |
| propagate | the way a wave travels |
| fixed boundary | end is attached so that it cannot move |
| free boundary | end is not attached so that it can move |
| interference | two or more waves passing through the same location at the same time |
| restoring force | force that brings object back to equilibrium |
Created by:
cfhsphysics
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