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Sciencetestin4tgrade
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| areas in the earth's crust where two plates rub against each other are called | faults |
| the three different ways that rocks can move in relation to one another are | strike-slip-fault, normal fault, thrust fault |
| when plates stop moving, the type of energy that is stored at the fault is known as ____________ energy. | potential |
| when the potential energy is suddenly released it is known as this type of energy | kinetic energy |
| when there is a sudden release of energy that is what is felt as an _______ | earthquake |
| the location within the Earth's crust where an earthquake orginates is known as its | hypocenter |
| hypo means | under |
| the location on the surface of the Earth directly above the hypocenter is called the ___________ | epicenter |
| epi means ___________ | above |
| energy is released during an earthquake as ___________waves | seismic waves |
| the type of wave that travels up and down is known as ____ | transverse |
| the type of wave that travels backs and forths is known as _______________ | longitudinal |
| the two types of seismic waves are _____ waves and ____ waves | S and P waves |
| P waves are ______ waves that travel out from the hypocenter. | longitudanal |
| They also compress rock so they are also known as ________ waves | pressure |
| S-waves are ________ waves that travel from the hypocenter of an earthquake. | transverse |
| S waves travel slowly through rock and are the second type of seismic wave to arrive at the epicenter. S- waves _______or distort rock. | shear |
| A_________ is a scientist who studies earthquakes. | seismologist |
| ______________are instruments used to collect data on seismic waves. | Seismograph |
| This scales determines the magnitude of energy released during an earthquake | Richter Scale |
| The Richter scale starts at a magnitude of 1 and goes to ____ | 10 |
| What's the main cause of earthquakes? | Pressure from within the earth's crust |
| Which of the following is a true statement about tectonic plates. | All of earth's landmass rests on tectonic plates |
| The weight of the lithosphere keeps the mantle in a semi-solid state. What can you infer from this? | Pressure raises the melting point of solids |
| Place the folowing in sequence in order from highest to lowest temperature. A)Lithosphere B) Mantle C) Core | C,B,A |
| What can you infer from the fact that tectonic plates are always moving around. | The shape and location of the of the continents have changed over time. |
| Why are surface waves more destructive to buildings than the intial seismic waves in an earthquake | it creates more sustained motion on the surface |
| Why are faults sometimes referred to as "active boundries'' | because the earth's crust shifts on euther side of them |
| In the phrase," The Richter scale measures the potency and duration of seismic events, '' what does "potency'' mean. | strength |
| Which city is most likely to experience a strong earthquake? | Los Angeles |
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