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KMHS_Chemistry
Chapters 12/13 Vocabulary: Electrons and Periodicity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atomic emission spectrum | the pattern of frequencies obtained by passing light emitted by atoms of an element in the gasous state through a prism |
| atomic orbital | a region in space around the nucleus of an atom where there is a high probability of finding an electron |
| Aufbau principle | electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first |
| electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom in its ground state |
| energy level | a region around the nucleus of an atom where an electron is likely to be moving, numbers 1-7 |
| ground state | the lowest energy level occupied by an electorn when an atom is in its most stable energy state |
| spectrum | the range of wavelengths and frequencies making up light |
| alkali metal | Group 1A elements, s-block, very reactive |
| alkaline earth metals | Group 2A elements, s-block, also reactive but not as soluble in water |
| group | column on the periodic table, represents a "family" of elements with similar chemical and physical properties |
| halogen | Group 7A elements, p-block, salt-forming elements |
| noble gas | Group 8A elements, p-block, non-reactive elements due to the fact that the outermost s and p sublevels are filled |
| period | row on the periodic table, represents the energy level for s and p orbitals |
| periodic law | when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties |
| representative element | Groups of elements on the periodic table NOT including the transition metals, inner transition metals, and noble gases. |
| quantum | the amount of energy needed for an electron to jump from one energy level to the next |
| electromagnetic radiation | includes radio waves, microwaves, visible light, infrared, UV light, X-rays, and gamma rays |
| wavelength | (lambda) the distance between two wave crests |
| frequency | (nu) the number of wave cycles to pass a given point per unit of time |
| photon | a single quantum of light, part of Einstein's idea that light can be seen as a wave OR a particle |
| excited state | electrons that have jumped to a higher, more unstable energy level |
| energy sublevel | s, p, d, and f |
Created by:
KellyBeck
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