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Mexico-Independence
Term | Definition |
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What caused the Mexican war of independence? | Miguel Hidalgo, a catholic priest launches the Mexican War of Independence with the issuing of his "Cry of Dolores," The revolutionary tract called for the end of 300 years of Spanish rule in Mexico, redistribution of land, and racial equality. |
Miguel Hidalgo | a Mexican Catholic priest. On September 16, 1810, Father Hidalgo rang the church bell to announce revolution against the Spanish. Indians and mestizos marched with Hidalgo and captured major cities but were halted at the gates of the capital. |
Who were they fighting for their independence? | Spain |
How long did the war last? | 11 years |
José Maria Morelos | continued fight after Miguel Hidalgo fought of independence, equality, and abolishment of slavery |
Colonel Agustín Iturbide | overthrew Spanish rule 1820-1821 tried to est dictatorship but was overthrown |
Mestizos | People of mixed European and Indian ancestry in areas colonized by Spain. |
haciendas | large estates granted by the king and owned by wealthy Spanish families but worked by peasants and slaves |
Mulatos | people of mixed European and African ancestry; mestizos and these people occupied the lower political and social positions in Spanish American society |
Agustin de Iturbide | A Spanish authority who was a royalist. Claiming he would lose some of his power, he refused to fight for Spain, but for Mexican Independence |
Battle of the Bridge at Calderon | Important war in Mexican War for Independence in which the Mexicans came about with a victory as well as the capture of Hidalgo and his men |
Congress of Chilpancingo | This congress signed the first official document of independence named the "Solem Act of the Declaration of Independence of North America." |
Three Part Proposal | This proposal mentioned that first, Mexico will gain independence, but be a monarchy. Second, creoles and peninsulares will have equal rights. Last, Roman Catholic Church will be the official church of Mexico. This compromise brought 10 years of fighting. |