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Sociology Final Exam
Sociology Final Exam - SOC - 111
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a nuclear family? | the core of which larger family groups are built. |
| What is a extended family? | A family in which grandparents, aunts or uncles live in the same home as parents and their children |
| What is serial monogamy? | A person who has several spouses in a lifetime, but only one spouse at a time. |
| What is patrilineal descent? | The father's relatives are significant in terms of property, inheritance, and emotional ties. |
| Understand egalitarian in the authority pattern | The egalitarian spouses are regarded as equals. Wives may hold authority in some spheres, husbands in others. |
| What is endogamy? | Marriage in the same racial, ethnic or religious group. |
| What is familism? | Pride in the extended family, expressed through the maintenance of close ties and strong obligations to kinfolk outside the immediate family |
| Education manifest function | To transit knowledge. To prepare young people to lead productive and orderly lives as adults by teaching the norms, values and sanctions of the society |
| How social control is applied? | Schools teach students various skills and values essential to their future positions such as punctuality, scheduling, and responsible work habits. Schools serve as a transitional agent of social control. |
| What is hidden education? | Standards of behavior that deemed proper by society and are taught subtly in schools. Students must not speak until called upon and must regulate their activities by the clock or bells. |
| What are the benefits of additional formal education? | |
| What is hidden education? | Standards of behavior that deemed proper by society and are taught subtly in schools. Students must not speak until called upon and must regulate their activities by the clock or bells. |
| Understand the hierarchy of authority. | Employees of a school system reports to a higher authority. Teachers report to principals and asst. principals; Principals reports to Superintendents of schools; Superintendents are hired/fired by the Board of Education. |
| Understand the characteristics of bureaucracy | 1) Division of labor, 2) Hierarchy of authority, 3) Written rules and regulations, 4) Impersonality and 5) Employment based on technical qualifications |
| What is impersonality in bureaucracy? | Because of the increased classroom sizes, teachers are unable to give personalized attention and are encourage to treat students in the same manner despite their distinct personalities and learning needs. |
| What is a formal organizations? | |
| Concept of sacred | elements beyond everyday life that inspire awe, respect and fear. |
| What is the Protestant ethic? | Max Weber saw a connection between religious allegiance and capitalistic behavior in a religious orientation |
| What is the stained glass ceiling | |
| The largest faith in the world? | Christianity |
| Basics of Hinduism | Worshippers are devoted to a single deity - Shiva or Vishnu. They believe in reincarnation or rebirth of the soul after death. |
| What is rituals? | Are practices required of members of faith. Rituals honor divine power(s) and remind members of their duties/responsibilities. |
| What is ecclesia? | a religious organization that claims to include most or all members of society and recognized the national or official religion such as Islam or Buddhism |
| What is a sect? | a small group that has broken away from some other religious organization to renew what is considers the original vision of the faith. |
| What is new religious movement? | A small, secretive religious group that represents either a new religion or a major innovation of existing faith. |
| How can people benefit from a religion? | |
| What is politics? | The exercise of power and authority |
| What is influence? | The exercise of power through a process of persuasion. |
| What is rational-legal authority? | Power made legitimate by law. |
| What is charismatic authority? | Power made legitimate by a leader's exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers. |
| An example of representative democracy? | The U.S.; the elected members of Congress and state legislatures make our laws. |
| What is capitalism? | an economic system which the means of production are held largely in private hands and the main incentive is accumulation of profits. |
| What is monopoly? | when a single business firm controls the market. |
| What is communism? | an economic system under which all property is communally owned and no social distinctions are made on the basis of people's ability to produce. |
| What is offshoring? | transferring other types of work to foreign countries. |
| What does affirmative action do? | it promotes positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs, promotions, and educational opportunities. |
| What does medicalization of society refer to? | physicians determine controls of medical treatment; medicine serves as an agent of social control by retaining jurisdiction over many health care procedures. |
| What is brain drain? | the immigration to the U.S. or other industrialized countries of skilled workers, professionals, and technicians who are desperately needed in their home countries. |
| What is morbidity? | Disease date presented as rates or as the number reports per 100,000 people |
| What is mortality? | the rate of death is given. |
| What is holistic medicine? | therapies in which the health care practitioner considers the person's physical, mental, emotional and spiritual characteristics. Treatment methods are massages, chiropractic medicine and acupuncture. |
| What is human ecology? | area of study that is concerned with interrelationships between people and their environment. Human ecologists focus on how the physical environment shapes people's lives and on how people influence the surrounding environment. |
| What is NIMBY? | |
| What is climate change? | is an observable alteration of the global atmosphere that affects natural weather patterns over several decades or longer. |
| Understand how culture affects one's view of health | |
| What is a craze? | an exciting mass involvement that last for relatively long period. |
| What is a fad? | temporary patterns of behavior involving large numbers of people; they spring up independently of preceding trends and do not give rise to successors. |
| What is panic? | a fearful arousal or collective flight based on generalized belief that may or may not be accurate. Panics are flights from something such as overcrowded burning buildings, stock market crashes. |
| What are social movements? | an organized collective activity to bring about resist fundamental change in an existing group or society. Civil rights workers, abolitionists, activists opposed to the Vietnam war. |
| What is the equilibrium model? | as changes occur in one part of society, adjustments must be made in other parts. If not, society's equilibrium will be threatened and strains will occur. |
| What is vested interests? | refer to those people or groups who will suffer in the event of social change. Those with a disproportionate share society's wealth, status and power have a vested interest in preserving the status quo and will resist change. |
| What is culture lag? |
Created by:
pamela2268