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LA-201
Laser and Light Based Hair Removal Physics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three characteristics of LASER light? | 1.) Monochromatic 2.) Collimated 3.) Coherent |
| is LASER light considered to be polychromatic? | No |
| Light that has one wavelength or one color is called what kind of light? | Monochromatic |
| Light waves that are all in phase and unison with each other and traveling in the same directions is called what kind of light? | Coherent |
| Light waves that all run parallel to each other is called what kind of light? | Collimated |
| Light that has multiple wavelengths or colors that create a broad spectrum of light is called what kind of light? | Polychromatic |
| What type of melanin is responsible for brown/black pigment? | Eumelanin |
| What type of melanin is responsible for blonde/red-pink pigment? | Pheomelanin |
| What are the two types of melanin? | 1.) Eumelanin 2.) Pheomelanin |
| What do you call the use of laser energy to selectively destroy a target beneath the skin? | Photo-thermolysis |
| Between spot sizes 5 mm and 18 mm, which one will have the deepest penetration? | 18 mm |
| Larger spot sizes have _____ penetration compared to smaller spot sizes. | Deeper/more |
| What is the target chromophore for laser hair removal? | Melanin |
| What are the three stages, in correct order, that an electron will go through to produce a photon? | 1.) Ground 2.) Singlet 3.) Metastable |
| When an electron releases one or more photons, it is in which stage of lasing? | Metastable |
| In which stage are you lasing? | Metastable |
| When an atom releases energy in the form a photon it is called ______ ______. | Spontaneous emission |
| What phenomenon must occur before a laser can fire? | Spontaneous emission |
| When electrons are in an excited state, what stage of lasing are they in? | Singlet |
| When electrons are in a resting state, what stage of lasing are they in? | Ground/stable |
| What kind of radiation causes changes in DNA and can lead to cellular mutation or death? | Ionizing radiation |
| What kind of radiation does not cause changes in DNA? | Non-ionizing radiation |
| What kind of radiation is LASER? | Non-ionizing radiation |
| What is the wavelength for the Nd:Yag? | 1064 nm |
| What do you call the distance measure between two peaks or high points of a wave? | Wavelength |
| What is the acronym for LASER? | Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation |
| What is the most important variable to take into consideration in regards to the thermal relaxation time of the skin? | Pulse duration |
| Are IPL machines considered to be true lasers? | No |
| What are the three characteristics of IPL light? | 1.) Polychromatic (broad spectrum of light) 2.) Non-collimated 3.) Non-coherent |
| What do you call the bending of light? | refraction |
| After the chromophore has absorbed the laser light and turned it into heat, where does the heat transfer to? | Adjacent tissue |
| Longer wavelengths will have _____ penetration into the skin compared to shorter wavelengths. | Deeper/more |
| What does IPL stand for? | Intense Pulsed Light |
| What is the wavelength for the Alexandrite laser? | 755 nm |
| What do you call the measurement of energy density which is expressed in joules per cm 2? | Fluence |
| What do you call the material or substance that is used inside the laser to emit a specific wavelength of light? | Medium |
| What do you call the object that absorbs the light in laser treatments? | Chromophore |
| What is the wavelength for the Ruby laser? | 694.3 nm |
| Which electrology modality is laser hair removal most often compared to? | Flash thermolysis |
| What is the average spot size range for laser hair removal? | 3-18 mm |
| Which two types of measurements are used to measure the pulse width of a laser machine? | 1.) ms (milliseconds) 2.) ns (nanoseconds) |
| What is the wavelength range for IPL machines? | 400 nm- 1400 nm |
| Light will be transmitted, reflected or scattered if it is not _____ by an object. | Absorbed |
| The pulse width should be _____ or equal to the TRT of the target chromophore. | Shorter |
| The pulse width should be _____ than the TRT of the skin. | Longer |
| Why should the pulse width be shorter or equal to the TRT of the target chromophore? | So that the total amount of heat is applied to the chromophore before it has a change to cool down. (overwhelming the chromophore) |
| Why should the pulse width be longer that the TRT of the skin? | To give time to the skin to cool down. By the time the total amount of heat is applied to the skin, the skin has already started to cool down and won't be overwhelmed |
| What is the wavelength for the Diode laser? | 810 nm |
| What is the range of light for the visible light spectrum | 400 nm-700 nm |
| What is the most common type of laser used? | Pulsed laser |
| What is a pulsed laser? | A laser that delivers the light in pulses instead of one long continuous light wave. |
| In laser, what determines which chromophore you will be targeting? | Wavelength |
| What do you call the device that is used to compensate for the polychromatic light that is produced by IPL machines? | Filter |
| What do you call the amount of time it takers for a structure to cool to half of the temperature that it was heated to? | Thermal Relaxation Time (TRT) |
| Between short and long wavelengths, which one will have a stronger affinity for melanin? | Shorter wavelengths |
| Between short and long wavelengths, which one will have more dermal scatter? | Shorter wavelengths |
| Shorter wavelengths will have _____ penetration in the skin compared to longer wavelengths | Less |
| What measurement is used to measure wavelengths? | Nanometers (nm) |
| When light bounces off an object it is called ______. | Reflection |
| According to the Grotthus-Draper law, if there is no absorption of light, then there is ____________________. | No effect on tissue |
| The amount of time that light energy is applied to a target chromophore is called ______ ______ | Pulse width/duration |
| Between spot sizes 5 mm and 18 mm, which one will have the least amount of dermal scatter? | 18 mm |
| What do you call tiny particles of light? | Photons |
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ElectricEsti
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