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Seventeenth Century
Background information for 17th century English literature
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1603-1625 | Reign of King James I |
| 1625-1649 | Reign of King Charles I |
| 1660 | Restoration of the monarchy |
| 1572-1631 | John Donne’s life |
| 1611 | King James Bible written |
| 1608-1674 | John Milton’s life |
| 1621 | Pilgrims leave England |
| 1667 | Paradise Lost |
| 1653-1658 | Period of Protectorate |
| 1678 | Pilgrim’s Progress |
| King James | Was king of Scotland – known as Jacobeous |
| Ptolemy | Geocentric Universe – Earth centered |
| Copernicus | Proposed Heliocentric universe |
| Galileo | Proved Heliocentric with telescope |
| Charles I | King executed by Parliament |
| William Laud | With this Archbishop, Charles I ran the church |
| Thomas Wentworth | General with whom Charles I tried to rule |
| Oliver Cromwell | He ran England in a “protectorate” |
| Rump Parliament | Part of Parliament that voted to oust the king |
| Charles II | Restored to monarchy |
| Samuel Johnson | Wrote the first dictionary in English |
| Sir Thomas Egerton | John Donne married this man’s niece |
| Nicholas Ferrar | Published George Herbert’s poems |
| Ben Jonson | He was the “father” of the cavalier writers |
| Sir Thomas Fairfax | Marvell tutored this general’s daughter |
| Robert Herrick | His “To the Virgins” defines cavalier |
| John Milton | England’s foremost Puritan writer |
| Mary Powell | John Milton’s wife – he didn’t seem to like her |
| George Herbert | Famous for emblematic images |
| Andrew Marvell | Transitional poet/preacher’s kid |
| Protectorate | Cromwell’s government |
| Richard Lovelace | Cavalier poet from prison |
| Sir John Suckling | Cavalier poet who died penniless |
| John Bunyan | Baptist son of a brick layer |
| Masques | Elaborate plays |
| Metaphysical Poetry | Attempts to explain what cannot be explained |
| Metaphysical Conceit | A long metaphor . . . |
| Paradox | An apparent contradiction that yields a valuable perception |
| Cavalier Poetry | Sex, drugs, and rock and roll |
| Emblematic Images | Verbal pictures/figures with a long history of moral/religious meaning |
| Carpe Diem | Seize the day |
| Tempus Fugit | Time Flies |
| Ubi Sunt | A feeling of forlornness on the recollection of past glory |
| Epic | A long narrative poem in elevated style |
| Allegory | A story with a meaning beneath the surface meaning |
| St. Paul’s Cathedral | Donne’s church -- largest in England |
| Holy Sonnets 4, 6, 10 | Donne |
| “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” | Donne |
| Meditation 17 | Donne |
| “Song” | Donne |
| The Temple | Herbert |
| “Easter Wings” | Herbert |
| “Virtue” | Herbert |
| “The Pulley | Herbert |
| “On My First Son” | Jonson |
| “Song, To Celia” | Jonson |
| “On My First Daughter” | Jonson |
| “To the Virgins, To Make Much of Time” | Herrick |
| “To Lucasta, On Going to the Wars” | Lovelace |
| “To Althea, From Prison” | Lovelace |
| “Why So Pale and Wan” | Suckling |
| “The Constant Lover” | Suckling |
| “To His Coy Mistress” | Marvell |
| “The Garden” | Marvell |
| “On His Having Arrived at the Age of Twenty-Three” | Milton |
| “On His Blindness” | Milton |
| Paradise Lost | Milton |
| Paradise Regained | Milton |
| Pilgrim’s Progress | Bunyan |
Created by:
dcorley