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Chemical Reactions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Activation Raections | What is needed to start a chemical reaction |
| Arrow -----> | You read the arrow as "yields" in a chemical equation or formula |
| Characteristics of a Chemical Retraction | Changes in energy or changes in properties (produce a gas (bubbles form),color change, precipitate forms or temperature change) |
| Chemical Changes | Alter the chemical properties of matter; new substances with new properties are formed |
| Chemical Equation | A shorter, easier way to show chemical reactions bu using symbols instead of words |
| Coefficient | A number placed in front of a chemical formula in an equation. Tells how many atoms or molecules of each reactant and product take part in the reaction |
| Conservation of Mass | The amount of matter involved in a chemical reaction doesn't change. The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products |
| Controlling Rates of Reaction | Concentration, temperature, surface area, catalysts, enzymes, and inhibitors |
| Concentration | Amount of one material in a given amount of another material |
| Temperature | Higher heat causes faster reactions |
| Surface Area | Increased surface area = increased reaction |
| Catalysts | Materials that increases the rate of reaction |
| Enzymes | Biological catalysts |
| Inhibitors | Decrease the rate of a reaction |
| Decomposition Reaction | A compound break down into simpler substances |
| Endothermic Reaction | An observation change n energy that shows a chemical reaction took place; A reaction that releases heat from the solution, absolution, makes it feel cooler |
| Exothermic Reaction | An observation change in energy that shows a chemical reaction took place; A reaction that releases heat: gives off energy, makes it feel warmer; most chemical reactions are this type |
| Physical Changes | Alter only the physical properties of matter; no new substances are formed. Can be a change in size, shape, or color; change in phase (by increasing or decreasing temperature: solid, liquid, and gas |
| Precipitate | A solid that forms from solution during a chemical reaction; observable change that shows a chemical reaction took place |
| Products | The materials you have after a chemical reaction; written on the right side of the formula |
| Reactants | The materials you have at the beginning of a chemical reaction; written on the left side of the formula |
| Replacement Raection | One part of a compound is displaced by an element or compound from another substance (also called displacement reaction) |
| States of Matter | Solid, liquid, and gas |
| Substripts | Show the number of atoms of an element in a molecule or the ratio of elements in a compound. |
| Synthesis Reaction | 2 substances combine to form a new compound (also called composition reaction) |
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