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CH 2 Bontrager
Chest
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What structure is not part of the respiratory system? | Pharynx |
| Cartilaginous structure (voice box) approx. 1.5-2 inches in length and is located anterior to the neck? | Larynx |
| Part of the skeletal system that provides a protective framework for the parts of the chest? | Bony Thorax |
| Term used to describe the organs within the bony thorax? | Thoracic Viscera |
| Vertebral prominence is at the level of what vertebrae ? | 7th |
| Each half of the diaphragm is called ... | hemidiaphragm |
| Serves as a passageway for food and fluids as well as air. | Pharynx |
| Three divisions of the pharynx | Oropharynx, Nasopharynx and Laryngopharynx |
| What makes up the roof of the oral cavity? | Hard Plate and Soft Plate |
| Lower aspect of the soft plate is called the .. | uvula |
| Part of the digestive system that connects the pharynx with the stomach ? | Esophagus |
| A ring of cartilage attached to the first ring of the trachea ... | Cricoid Cartilage |
| Dimensions of the trachea ???? | 3/4 inches in diameter and 4.5 inches long |
| 20 C- Shaped Rings of Cartilage prevent trachea from... | collapsing |
| The trachea extends from the level of ___ to the level of ___. | C6-T4/T5 |
| Vascular organ located anterior to the neck just below the larynx? | Thyroid Gland |
| Round glands embedded into the posterior surface of the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland? | Parathyroid Glands |
| DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE RIGHT AND LEFT PRIMARY BRONCHUS | Right is shorter, wider and more vertical than left. Left is smaller in diameter but twice as long than right. |
| Which bronchi is more likely to get foreign object lodged into? | Right |
| Specific prominence or ridge of the lowest tracheal cartilage? | Carina |
| What is happening within the thin walls of alveoli? | O2 and CO2 are exchanged in the blood through the thin walls. |
| WHICH LUNG IS MADE UP OF 3 LOBES ? WHAT ARE THEY? | Right: Superior, Middle and Inferior |
| Lungs are composed of a light, spongy, highly elastic substance called the .. | parenchyma |
| Each lung is contained in a delicate double-walled sac or membrane called... | pleura |
| Outer layer of the pleura that lines the inner surface of the chest wall | Parietal Pleura |
| Inner layer that covers the lungs... | Pulmonary or Visceral Pleura |
| Potential space between double-walled pleura | Pleural Cavity |
| Air or gas present in the pleural cavity and may cause the lung to collapse... | pneumothorax |
| Accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity creates a condition called... | hemothorax |
| Root region and central are of the lungs where bronchi, blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves enter and leave the lungs? | Hilum |
| Four radiographically important structures located in the mediastinum | Thymus Gland, Heart and Great Vessels, Trachea, Esophagus |
| Medial portion of the thoracic cavity is called... | mediastinum |
| Temporary organ that decreases in size after adulthood... | Thymus Gland |
| Heart and roots of the great vessels are enclosed in a double walled sac called the | pericardial sac |
| Large vein returning blood to the heart from upper half of the body... | superior vena cava |
| What are the great vessels? | Superior/Inferior Vena Cava, aorta, large pulmonary arteries and veins |
| Largest artery in the body | aorta |
| Aorta is divided into 3 parts: | aortic arch, ascending aorta and descending aorta |
| Massively built pt with thorax that is deep and broad front to back and shallow in vertical dimension? | Hypersthenic |
| Extreme slender pt, thorax narrow in with and shallow from front to back but long in vertical dimensions | Asthenic |
| Percentages of body habitus: | Hypersthenic (5%), Asthenic (10%), Hyposthenic (35%), Sthenic (50%) |
| To increase the volume of the chest during inspiration, the thoracic cavity increases in diameter in which 3 dimensions: | Vertical, Transverse and Anteroposterior Diameter |
| Good PA chest contains a minimum of ___ ribs. | 10 |
| Shielding required for chest radiography? | Always |
| kV range adult/peds? | 110 to 125 (ADULT); 70-85 (PEDS) |
| Why should chest X-rays be taken erect if pts condition permits (3) | 1) Diaphragm is able to move down further 2) Air/Fluid levels may be visualized 3)Engorgement and hyperemia of pulmonary vessels may be prevented. |
| On a PA Chest radiograph the sternal end of the left clavicle is superimposed over the sternum, this patient is rotated in which direction? | LAO |
| Rotation and separation of posterior ribs should only be... | |
| Top of the IR should be ___ inches above the shoulders | 1.5 to 2 |
| The inferior ange of the scapula corresponds to the level of ___. | |
| Landmark for AP chest palpation | Jugular Notch |
| Width or horizontal dimension of the average PA or AP chest is ___than the vertical dimension. | greater |
| 4 Digital imaging considerations? | Collimation, Accurate centering, Exposure Factors and post processing evaluation of exposure indicator |
| Why is a chest CT performed ? | Possible identification of pathologies in the mediastinum or lungs |
| Why is a cardiovascular MRI performed ? | Demonstrate and evaluate pathologies including congenital heart disorder, cardiac tumors or masses |
| Why is sonography performed for a chest? | Detect pleural effusion through thoracentesis |
| Why are nuclear medicine procedures performed? | Evaluate and diagnose pulmonary diffusion conditions or pulmonary emboli |
Created by:
sponjevic