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Environment Unit 5
terrestrial biomes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Water falls to the earth as... | Precipitation |
| Rainshadow effect | Water moving from west to east moves over a mountain. The drop in temp. causes rain to fall on the west and dry air to move to the east. |
| Storage | It is stored as ice and snow in the mountains and cold biomes. |
| Runnoff | Any water that runs down a hillside. |
| Infiltration | Water that is filtered through sand and loose soil. |
| Percolation: | Water that trickles through cracks and spaces in rock. |
| Water table | Water that hits bedrock and cannot move deeper in the soil. |
| Eventually all water converges into... | rivers and returns to the ocean |
| Biomes | Large geographical areas which consist of separate, but similar ecosystems with characteristic climates and climax communities. |
| The Biosphere is divided into _____ which are, in turn divided into smaller________. | biomes-ecosystems. |
| Why are biomes typically named according to their plant life? | The types of plants that can grow in an area determine what other organisms can live there. |
| What determines what plants will live in an area? | Climate, particularly temp. and precipitation. |
| Which is the only biome that does not exist in the US? | Savanna- (rain-forests are in Hawaii!) |
| In which biome is most of Australia classified? | Desert |
| Africa actually contains very little tropical rain forest, compared to its size. What are the two most prominent biomes on this continent? | Desert and Savanna |
| Which biomes are not found south of the equator? | Tundra and Taiga- Antarctica is permanent ice with no land do no plants can grow. |
| Tropical Rainforests are usually found where? | The equator |
| Temp. in tropical rainforest | Hot and humid, due to direct sunlight |
| Tropical rain forest- lots or little vegetation? | Lots |
| Tropical rain forests plant adaptations- | -Trees grow on nurse logs (dead trees) and form buttresses (roots that are exposed about ground) -Large leaves (absorb sunlight) and thorns (protection) |
| Tropical rain forests animal adaptations- | -Catch prey in different locals in the forest -Camouflage~shaped like leaves or twigs -Move in groups |
| tropical rain forest ecotourism: | Many countries are preserving the forests and building "green" resorts where people can vacation in the rain forest. |
| tropical rainforest "green" agriculture: | By farming small plots of forest surrounded by old growth, the farms, when abandoned, become reforested within 20 years. |
| Tropical rain forest humans affecting: | Mass extinctions caused by: Pet traders and poaching. -Deforestation- logging, slash and burn |
| Where is temperate deciduous forest found? | Eastern areas of the US , Europe, and Asia |
| Temp in temperate deciduous forest? | Below freezing-95 degrees F. |
| Plants found in temperate deciduous forest? | Deciduous trees (maple, oak, hickory) shrubs and bushes, mosses and herbs, fungi. |
| Adaptations in temperate deciduous forest? | Deciduous trees lose their leaves in fall-dormant in winter Grow in layers Conspicuous flowering |
| Animals found in temperate deciduous forest? | Rodents, deer, bears, migratory birds. bison |
| Adaptations in temperate deciduous forest? | Habitats separate by layers of forest. Hibernate- store fat Migrate |
| Human affects in temperate deciduous forest? | Deforestation, Air pollution, logging, hunting |
| Where is Taiga found? | Northern Hemisphere |
| Temp. In Taiga? | -2 degrees F. - 60 degrees F. |
| Animal adaptations in Taiga? | Migration, Hibernation, Thick fur/fat, Burrowing animals |
| Human influence on the Taiga? | Logging, Forest Fires, Tree Farms, |
| temperate rainforest climate? | cool and humid, never freezes dry, cool summers and mild winters |
| Temp in temperate rain forest? | 20 degrees F. - 65 degrees F. |
| plants in temperate rain forest? | large coniferous trees and mosses. |
| Human influence in temperate rain forest? | Logging, erosion |
| Plants found in the tundra | Dwarf Trees |
| Animals found in the tundra | Migratory birds |
| Humans affecting tundra? | Oil extraction, Military Use, Diversity |
| Plants found in desert- | Cacti |
| Animals found in desert- | rats & snakes |
| Human influences on desert- | Off-roading, irrigation, waste disposal |
| Chaparral plants? | Shrubs |
| Chaparral Animals | Deer, Rodents, Llamas |
| Where are grasslands found? | Midwest |
| Plants in grasslands? | Little to no trees. grass only |
| Animals found in the grasslands? | Antelope, Ferrets, Bison |
| Humans affecting grasslands? | Agricultural replaces grasslands with corn, soybeans, and wheat. |
| Savanna location? | Near the equator |
| Plants in savanna? | Few tress Grass |
| Animals in Savanna? | Greatest collection of grazing animals on earth. |
| Humans affecting savanna? | Cultivation-crops Grazing-Causing erosion Poaching- African Elephants Deforestation |
Created by:
kapodis