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Endocrine system
Chpt 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Glands that secrete hormones...ductless glands | Endocrine glands |
| Glands that secrete into ducts...sweat/sebaceous glands | Exocrine glands |
| Hormones aimed at "a target" | Tropic hormones |
| Describes this pattern of hormone secretion: cortisol secretion is highest in the morning and lowest in the evening | Biorhythms |
| Endocrine secretions that are classified as proteins, protein like or steroids | Hormones |
| Describes a specific tissue or organ to which a hormone binds | Target tissue |
| Describes sequence of events,corticosteroid-releasing hormone(crh) srimulates release of adrenocorticotropic hormone(acth) in turn stimulates secretion of cortisol,as blood lvl of cortisol increases,,it shuts off further secretion of acth & crh | Negative feedback control |
| Example is a circadian rhythm | Biorhythm |
| Jet lag and night shift work alter this pattern of hormone secretion | Biorhythm |
| A self amplification cycle(give me more) in which a change is the stimulus for an even greater change in the same direction | Positive feed back control |
| Hormones bind to these special areas of the cell or on the surface of the cell membrane to the target tissue | Receptors |
| An example is menstrual cycle | Biorhythm |
| Cyclic adenosine mono phosphate ( cAMP) | Second chemical messenger |
| Beta and alpha cells of the islets of langerhans | Pancreas |
| Gonads the secrete estrogen and progesterone | Ovaries |
| Secretes t3 t4 and calcitonin | Thyroid glands |
| Secretes releasing hormones | Hypothalamus |
| Secretes anti diuretic hormone(ADH) and oxytocin | Posterior pituitary gland |
| Called neurohypophysis | Posterior pituitary gland |
| The hypothalamus and this gland are parts of the hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system | Anterior pituitary gland |
| Called andenohypophysis | Anterior pituitary gland |
| Secretes tropic hormones, TSH, ACTH, GH( samototropic hormone) Gonadotropins | Anterior pituitary gland |
| Secretes the catecholamines Epinephrine and norepinephrine | Adrenal medulla |
| Secretes the steroids ...glucocorticoids mineralocorticoids and androgens | Adrenal cortex |
| Target gland for ACTH | adrenal gland |
| Low plasma lvl of calcium stimulate these glands to secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) | Parathyroid glands |
| Secretes insulin and glucagon | Pancreas |
| Uses iodine to synthesize its hormones | Thyroid gland |
| Target gland of TSH | Thyroid gland |
| Secretion of the gland contribute to the fight or flight response | Adrenal medulla |
| The Gonad that secretes testosterone | Testes |
| This gland is associated with these words...isthmus, follicular cells, colloid and iodine | Thyroid gland |
| This gland plays an important role in immunity and involuted or shrinks after puberty | Thymus gland |
| Secretes the hormone that is concerned with sugar salt and sex | Adrenal cortex |
| A cone shaped gland located in the brain , secretes melatonin called the biological clock | Pineal gland |
| Gland that enlarges as a goiter | Thyroid gland |
| Glands that are sometimes embedded within the thyroid gland , removal causes hypocalcemic tetany | Parathyroid glands |
| Called somatotropin hormone this anterior pituitary hormone stimulates the growth of musculoskeletal system | Growth hormone |
| The only hormone that lowers blood glucose | Insulin |
| Cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone | Steroids |
| Epinephrine and norepinephrine sympathomimetic hormones | Catecholamines |
| Pancreatic hormone that increases blood glucose lvls | Glucagon |
| Hormone that acts on 3 target organs...bones, kidneys, and intestines...to increase the blood lvl of calcium | Parathyroid hormone |
| A tropic hormone that is suppressed by increasing plasma lvls of cortisol | ACTH |
| TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to release these hormones | T3 T4 |
| Include FSH and LH | Gonadotropin |
| Stimulates the breast to make milk also called lactose if hormone | Prolactin |
| Posterior pituitary hormone that enhances labor | Oxytocin |
| Parafollicular cells...thyroid gland stimulates osteoblasts can activity | Calcitonin |
| Iodine containing hormones that regulate basal metabolic rate..BMR | T3 T4 |
| Posterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water | ADH |
| Hypothalamic hormones that control the hormonal secretion of the anterior pituitary gland | Releasing hormones |
| Tropic hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol | ACTH |
| The stimulus for its release is an increasing blood glucose lvl | Insulin |
| Posterior pituitary hormone that is secretes in response to low blood volume and concentrated blood .. As in dehydration | ADH |
| Also called vasopressin | ADH |
| Decrease in plasma calcium is the stimulus for its release | Parathyroid hormone |
| A deficiency of this gland causes diabetic insipidus | Pituitary gland |
| Gland that contains the alpha and beta cells of the islets of langerhans | Pancreas |
| Gonads that secrete estrogen and progesterone | Ovaries |
| Pituitary | ACTH FSH TSH GH |
| Thyroid | Thyroxin |
| Parathyroid | PTH |
| Adrenal | Adrenaline Aldosterone Cortisol |
| Pancreas | Insulin glucagon |
| Testis | Testosterone |
| Ovary | Estrogen progesterone |
| Raises the blood sugar and increases the heartbeat and breathing rates | Adrenaline |
| Causes glucose to be removed from the blood and stored | Insulin |
| Influences the development of female secondary sex characteristics | Estrogen |
| Promotes the conversion of glycogen to glucose | Glucagon |
| Controls the metabolism of calcium | PTH |
| Promotes the reabsorbation of sodium of Na and K ions by the kidneys | Aldosterone |
| Influences the development of male secondary sex characteristics | Testosterone |
| Stimulates the elongation of the long bones of the body | GH |
| Stimulates the secretion of hormones by the cortex of the adrenal glands | ACTH |
| Regulates the rate of metabolism of the body | Thyroxin |
| Stimulates the development of eggs in the ovaries | FSH |
| Involved the regulation of carbohydrates protein and fat metabolism | Cortisol T3 T4 |
| Stimulates the production of thyroxin | TSH |
| ----------- gland may control biorhythms in some animals and control the onset of puberty in humans | Pineal |
| --------- gland stimulates metabolic rate and is essential to normal growth and development | Thyroid |
| -------- gland stimulates growth and stimulates secretion of other hormones from other glands | Pituitary |
| ----in females stimulates the development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates growth sex organs at puberty and prompts monthly prep of uterus for pregnancy | Ovaries |
| ------ is the major area where the nervous and endocrine systems interact | Hypothalamus |
| ------ controls blood glucose lvls and determines the fate of the glycogen | Pancreas |
| ----- gland initiates stress responses increases heart rate bp and metabolic rate dilates blood vessels mobilizes fat and raises bs lvls | Adrenal |
| ------- gland promotes production and maturation of WBC | Thymus |
| --------- in males stimulates development of secondary sex characteristics stimulates growth spurt at puberty stimulates spermatogenesis | Testes |
| -------- gland increases blood calcium lvl stimulates calcium reabsorption and activates Vitamin d | Parathyroid |
Created by:
peetie9292