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RPC: Vocabulary

H. Architectural Drafting II Basic Roof Design Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Flat Roof Common in areas with little rain or snow.
Shed Roof Offers the same simplicity and economic construction methods as a flat roof, but does not have the drainage problems of a flat roof.
Gable Roof One of the most common roof types in residential construction; constructed with two sloping sides that meet to form a ridge.
Hip Roof Has many similarities to a gable roof but with four surfaces instead of two; the intersecting surfaces are called hips.
Gambrel Roof A traditional shape that dates back to the colonial period; the lower level is covered with a steep roof surface, which connects into the upper roof system with a slighter pitch.
Mansard Roof Similar to a gambrel roof with the angled lower roof on all four sides rather than just two.
Dutch Hip Roof A combination between a hip roof and a gable roof.
Roof Plan A drawing in plan view of the roof area showing the features and items on the roof.
Roof Pitch/Slope A description of the angle of the roof that compares the horizontal run and the vertical rise.
Rafter The inclined structural member of a roof system designed to support loads.
Roof Truss A prefabricated member formed of triangular shapes used to construct a roof.
Ridge The top of a roof where two sloping edges meet.
Valley The internal corner formed between two intersecting roof surfaces.
Hip The exterior edge formed by two sloping roof surfaces.
Gable End Wall The triangular wall that is formed at each end of a gable roof between the top plate of the wall and the rafter.
Cornice/Eave The part of the roof that extends out from the wall.
Flashing Metal used to prevent water leaking through surface intersections.
Ridge Board The top horizontal member that rafters are aligned against to resist downward force.
Collar Ties/Beams Horizontal ties between rafters near the ridge to help resist the tendency of the rafters to separate.
Ceiling Joist The horizontal member of the roof which is used to resist the outward spread of the rafters to separate.
Knee Wall A wall of less than full height.
Soffit Usually the underside of an overhanging cornice.
Lookout A beam used to support eave loads.
Fascia Covers the rafter end enclosing the overhang.
Created by: lpschoolfield
 

 



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