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environmental
plant agriculture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a mixture of minerals partially decomposed organic matter | soil |
| the physical breaking down of wind and water | erosion |
| grown in spaced rows | row crops |
| plants seeded into agricultural fields, either within or outside of the regular growing season, with the primary purpose of improving or maintaining ecosystem quality. | cover crops |
| reduce wind erosion | windbreaks |
| the result of a diet that does not meet the/an individuals basic energy and calorie requirements | undernutrition |
| lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat. | malnutrition |
| extreme scarcity of food | famine |
| the application of water soil | irrigation |
| is reducing water wastage by measuring the amount of water required for a particular purpose and the amount of water used or delivered. | efficiency (water) |
| is an animal which harms humans or human concerns | biological pests |
| chemicals that kill or control populations of these undesirable organisms | pesticides |
| forming higher and higher concentrations in organisms over a long period of time | bioaccumulation |
| grown without the use of pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, genetically modified organisms, or ionizing radiation. Animals that produce meat, poultry, eggs, and dairy products do not take antibiotics or growth hormones. | organic foods |
| growing plants without soil | hydroponics |
| implant dna into crops that are resistant | Genetically modified organisms (GMO) |
| The early european settlers refer to the western US plains as a desert. what kind of ecosystem was actually there? why did they have a hard time farming it? | Great american desert; the plows would become stuck and caved in the thick mat of prairie grass |
| in the years leading up to the dust bowl people were operating on a theory called "rain follows the plow", explain this theory what was the problem with it | believed that this wet period was actually the result of increased farming. |
| what are three major food staples | wheat corn rice |
| all soil begins as rock describe the two ways that rock can be broken down | mechanical erosion and chemical erosion |
| why is grassland soil so ideal for farming compared to forest soil | it is very fertile |
| rank the four different types of water erosion by strength starting with the least severe | splash, sheet, rill, gully |
| what type of erosion is more likely to occur in arid areas, and was behind the midwest united states dust storms of the 1930s? | wind erosion |
| contour plowing | plant crops along the slope of the land rather than straight up and down |
| strip cropping | alternates row crops with cover crops so no bare soil is exposed |
| terracing | cut steps into a series of flattened terraces |
| for each of the three macronutrients give an example and which one has the most calories | carbs (most), lipids, fats |
| These three disorders are caused by malnourishment. What nutrient is missing to cause each? What effect or symptoms are caused by these disorders? | Kwashiorkor - caused by insufficient porting consumption (fluid imbalance in the digestive system causes a big stomach); Anemia - decrease in ability of blood to transport oxygen (lack of iron); Goiter - enlargement of thyroid gland (lack of iodine) |
| What is the difference between subsistence agriculture and mono culturing? | subsistence - supports families by planting with different crops mono culturing - only grows one crop at a time to sell to the mass market |
| Furrow Irrigation | delivers large amounts of water through channels that run through the field; efficiency: 40-60% |
| Drip Irrigation | uses porous tubes above or below the ground that gradually deliver water to roots of individual plants; efficiency: 90-95% |
| Center-Pivot Irrigation | piece of equipment that rotates around a single point; efficiency; 80% |
| What is the difference between inorganic and organic fertilizer? | inorganic - synthetically made from mixed minerals organic - derived from plant and animal matter |
| why has energy increased in farming since the green revolution> | as more and more farming has become mechanized |
| explain how using crop rotation and legumes could help reduce the need for applying fertilizer every year | forms mutualistic relationships with nitrogen fixing bacteria planted |
| what is the difference between first and second generation revolution? | first are made from natural chemicals extracted from plants. ex; nicotine sulfate from tobacco leaves second are synthetically produced chemicals ex; DDT |
| if a pesticide bioaccumulates what level of a food chain is it most likely to affect | the top |
| the dirty dozen is a list of produce that is more likely to have pesticide residue. what do these fruits and vegetables have in common? | they all peel |
| if a farmer uses integrated pest management system what strategies will they use first before resorting to chemical pesticides | a strategy where synthetic pesticides are used as a last result in dealing with insects and weeds. biological control such as pesticides |
| give one example of a GMO. what trait has been inherited into it? | corn and soy beans - resistant to round up |
Created by:
EmmaRoseDavis