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Stack #2053694
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The pinna is the | The external part of the ear |
| You cannot feel the waistband of your underwear, even though you know it is there. This is the result of | sensory adaptation |
| The sense gives you information about balance and movement. | vestibular |
| The tendency to mentally complete forms and figures that are actually incomplete is known as | closure |
| Afterimages refer to | the sensation left over after an image is removed |
| Every day, you see, hear, smell, taste and feel stimuli from the outside world. Collecting this data about that world is the function of | sensation |
| This senses provide information about movement, posture, and orientation, | kinesthetic |
| When light enters the eye, it eventually reaches the light-sensitive at the back of the eye. | cornea |
| Who is relying most heavily on their rods? | Marcus is trying to find his seat as the movie begins to play. |
| Near the center of the retina there is a spot where there are no rods and no cones. This spot exists because of | the optic nerve. |
| The major purpose of the iris is to | regulate the amount of light entering the eye. |
| When sound waves enter the ear canal, they first | vibrate the eardrum |
| ________ cues are ones that depend on the combination of the images in the left and right eyes. | binocular |
| When looking at these letters XXX XXX XXX XXX we tend to see 4 groups of 3 Xs rather than 12 individual Xs. This is due to the principle of | proximity |
| An architect is designing apartments and wants them to be soundproof. She asks a psychologist what the smallest amount of sound is that can be heard. Her question is most related to the ________ threshold. | absolute |
| When packing her glassware to move into a new apartment, she runs out of protective styrofoam packing material. Suddenly, Monique gets the idea to use the shredded junk mail confetti for packing material. Monique has | overcome functional fixedness |
| According to Noam Chomsky, the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that | we are prewired to learn language |
| Many smokers like to point to the late George Burns, a famous actor who smoked cigars continuously for many years and lived to be nearly a hundred, as evidence that smoking is relatively harmless. | confirmation bias |
| Fred never really talks too much about how the games will turn out. On Monday, however, it is a different scenario altogether. Fred is more than happy to share with his friends that the games came out exactly as he thought they would and why. | hindsight bias |
| After reading the section of the textbook on concepts, Mary Jo comes to the conclusion that | concepts are a form of cognitive efficiency and economy |
| If one were to translate "white house" to Spanish from English, it would be "casa blanca," or "house white." This demonstrates a difference in ________ between the two languages | syntax |
| The word "ckprqpgezxeenfvk" violates English | phonology |
| Critics of the work of Benjamin Whorf maintain that | people's thoughts are independent of the words they know |
| A coach tests every team member on three consecutive days and finds that the times for each person are very much the same on all three trials. His test for endurance appears to have good | reliability |
| Which theory of intelligence is best suited to explain the abilities of individuals with savant syndrome, or individuals with extremely high levels of intelligence in one area and virtually little or none in other areas? | Gardener |
| A 6-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have a ratio IQ of | 100 |
| The new term for "mental retardation" is | intellectual disability |
| Although participants routinely scored about the same every time, the new fire fighters aptitude test showed almost no correlation to their actual performance. This new test is | reliable but not valid |
| To determine the range of scores, he gives the test to 10,000 third graders. In the future, he will compare the performance of others to this reference group. This process of determining meaningful scores establishes testing | norms |
| If a child's mental age is higher than her chronological age, this means that | her IQ is higher than normal |
| Which item would most likely appear on a culturally-fair test? | asking subjects to put together a puzzle |
| Dhiraj has an insightful mind and excels at solving new types of problems with unique solutions. Which of Sternberg's intelligences would best explain this? | creative |
| You would be most likely to seek out information that refutes your hypothesis when you engage in | critical thinking |
| Repression is | motivated forgetting |
| The memory of where you were when you heard about the events of 9/11 is termed a(n) ________ memory. | flashbulb |
| You are relaxing beside a water display in the park. The quiet, scenic environment reminds you of a poem you read in English class last week. This is an example of ________ memory. | episodic |
| Shauna is an excellent student. She rewrites her class notes after each class. Rewriting her notes is a form of memory | rehearsal |
| According to Hermann Ebbinghaus | most forgetting occurs soon after we originally learned something |
| You are taking both Spanish and French this semester. As you study the vocabulary words for your French test, you realize that the French words are disrupting the memory of the Spanish vocabulary words you studied last week. This is an example of | retroactive interference |
| Unrehearsed information stored in short-term memory lasts no more than | 30 seconds |
| You are most likely to store the seven digit phone number from your previous address in ________ memory. | long term memory |
| Chunking involves | reorganizing information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule into smaller meaningful units |
| Samantha prides herself in "never forgetting a face," although she frequently cannot put the correct name with a specific face. Samantha is really saying that she is better at | recognition than at recall |
| When asked to memorize the 15 letters, C I A C B S A B C F B I I R S, Mary reorganized them into CIA, CBS, ABC, FBI, and IRS. Mary used the tactic of | chunking |
| Eyewitness accounts of crimes are | prone to errors |
| Which of the following is TRUE of short-term memory? | It is a limited-capacity memory system |
| Motivated forgetting is usually associated with what type of memories? | traumatic |
| Remembering the name of the author who wrote the "Cat in the Hat" is referred to as ________ memory. | semantic |
| After getting food poisoning from the lunch cafeteria, Rodney now gets nauseous when he walks by and smells the food. What was the unconditioned stimulus in this scenario? | bad food |
| Grayson's dog salivates each time he hears the fridge door open. He sets up several trials where his dog salivates upon hearing the fridge door open but does not receive any food As a result, the dog stops salivating when the fridge door is opened. | extinction has occurred |
| Cecil turns off all the lights in his house to avoid a huge electric bill. Cecil's behavior is an example of | negative reinforcement |
| Kenny ate several hot dogs at the baseball game. Several hours later he got very nauseous and spent most of the night being physically sick. We can expect that he will | be unable to eat a hot dog at the next ball game he attends. |
| David earns one thousand dollars every time his sales reach one hundred thousand dollars. For David, the bonus is an example of ________ reinforcement. | positive |
| What principles of learning do applied behavioral analysis programs rely on in order to help people change? | operant |
| Carol gives her dog, Oscar, a treat each time he sits on command. Carol is using a ________ schedule to train her dog to sit on command | continuous reinforcement |
| Marcia eventually discovered that John was being a complete jerk, so she ended the relationship. One day in the mall, she suddenly gets a whiff of the cologne that John always wore. All the former good feelings come pouring back. This is an example of | spontaneous recovery |
| In Pavlov's well-known study on classical conditioning, the bell was the ________ before conditioning and the ________ after conditioning had occurred. | neutral stimulus; conditioned stimulus |
| A reinforcer that is innately satisfying and does not require any learning to be perceived of as pleasurable is referred to as a(n) ________ reinforcer. | primary |
| Which of the following is a primary reinforcer? | candy |
| Pavlov's dog salivated each time food was presented. Salivation in this situation was the | unconditioned response |
| Pavlov's dog salivated to the sound of a bell because the bell had become | associated with food. |
| Since Tyler went off to college, the emails have basically stopped. As a result, she no longer checks her inbox on a daily basis. If this pattern continues, we can expect ________ to occur. | extinction |
| Any situation that involves learning 4. Courtney insisted that her husband see the doctor. She suspected that he had a sinus problem. His snoring was driving them apart and the jumping kept her from getting a good night of sleep. Periodical | requires some relatively permanent change to occur. |
| Jennifer was stung by a bee several days ago. Now she cries out whenever any flying insect comes too close. Jennifer is demonstrating | generalization |
| They will throw him a treat. However, his owner, Paul, does not want Bubba to eat "people" food. When Paul is in the yard, Bubba never barks at the neighbors. According to operant conditioning principles, Bubba is | discriminate |
| Josh has a crush on the girl at the movie rental store. He knows that she works every Thursday afternoon, so he only visits the store on Thursdays. Josh is operating on a ________ schedule. | fixed-interval |
| Little Julie is watching Dora the Explorer help her mother clean up the kitchen after dinner. After the show, she walks into the kitchen to help her mommy clean up. Little Julie is demonstrating | observational learning |
| Your friend reported feeling greater energy and a sense of well-being after taking a drug. Medical tests reveal increased activity of her central nervous system. The drug she took is most likely some type o | stimulant |
| The 24 hour biological cycle that regulates our pattern of sleep is referred to as | circadian rhythm |
| Jorge has a big history exam tomorrow so he has been studying most of the day. If he wants to remember most of what he has been studying, he should | go to bed |
| Periodically during the night he would seem to be startled, jump, and change his position. He was always tired regardless of the number of hours he slept. Courtney was surprised when the doctor suggested that her husband was suffering from | Sleep apnea |
| College students who consume large amounts of alcohol on weekends are abusing which type(s) of drugs? | depressants |
| The sleep disorder narcolepsy occurs when individuals | fall unexpectedly into a deep sleep in the middle of daily activities |
| According to Sigmund Freud, dreams are | our unconscious desires which we wish to fulfill |
| Circadian rhythm refers to | a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour schedule. |
| Moesha is always tired. She falls into bed about 10:30 every evening and is asleep in seconds, but she wakes up frequently throughout the night. She is most likely suffering from | insomnia |
| Sleepwalking is | not really that abnormal |
| When you go to check on your sleeping child, you observe that his eyes are moving back and forth rapidly under his eyelids. It is likely that he is | dreaming |
| Rebecca lives in Boston. Her friend, Serena, just flew in from Denver. To help Serena adjust to the new time zone, Rebecca should | offer her a dose of melatonin. |
| If Gary related his dream to a psychodynamic therapist, they would tell him that what he was really dreaming about not being able to pay his bills. Which element in this scenario represents the manifest content of the dream? | Gary running for his life |
| LSD acts primarily on | serotonin |
| According to activation-synthesis theory, dreams | reflect the brain's efforts to make sense out of neural activity that occurs during sleep. |
| The need to take increasing amounts of a drug in order to get the same effect is referred to as | tolerance |
| Tranquilizers and alcohol belong to a drug category called | depressants |
| If you had damage to your hippocampus, it would most likely impair | memory formation |
| The area of the brain that controls the production of speech is | Broca's area |
| Which part of the peripheral nervous system would be particularly important to a backpacker being chased by a bear? | sympathetic |
| "Running has become an important part of my life. After a good three miles, I begin to feel euphoric. This positive feeling stays with me most of the day." This runner is describing the | production of endorphins |
| The physical space between two neurons is called the | synapse |
| The two halves of the cerebral cortex are called cerebral | hemispheres |
| An individual's phenotype is his or her | observable characteristics |
| The iron rod which damaged Phineas Gage's frontal lobe resulted in | changes in personality |
| The area critical for processing visual information is the ________ lobe | occipital |
| Theus is about to take the Bar Exam. Which lobe of the brain will he be relying on most to do well? | temporal |
| Essential body functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and digestion are under the control of the | autonomic nervous system. |
| Neurosurgeons can reduce the unbearable seizures some epileptics experience by severing the | corpus callosum. |
| The ability for nerve cells in the brain to change their purpose demonstrates what capacity of the brain? | complexity |
| At a job interview, you broke out into a cold sweat and felt your heart pounding. These symptoms were most likely produced by your ________ nervous system. | sympathetic |
| Which of the following best describes how information is transmitted within a neuron? | dendrite → cell body → axon |
| The area of the cerebral cortex which controls voluntary muscle movement is the | motor cortex. |
| Body temperature, emotional states, and coping with stress are functions controlled by the | hypothalamus |
| The ________ gland regulates all the other glands. | pituitary |
| If a person's cerebellum were damaged in an accident, you would expect the person to have a problem with | balance and muscle coordination. |
| You measure each of them without manipulating either one. If you find that Variable A is increasing at about the same rate as Variable B is increasing, what can you conclude? | Variable A is negatively correlated with Variable B. |
| Higher scores on Variable A are associated with higher scores on Variable B. What is the correlation coefficient for the correlation between Variables A and B? | +1.00 |
| In a formal experiment, which group is the experimental group? | group that is subjected to manipulation of the independent variable |
| Sonja believes the pill her doctor gave her has cured her of her anxiety disorder, even though, unbeknownst to her, the pill contained no active ingredients. Sonja's belief is an example of the ________ effect. | placebo |
| In scientific research, the group which receives treatment is called the ________ group. | experimental |
| The number of aggressive acts displayed by the children in a one hour play period after breakfast is then recorded. In this experiment, the number of aggressive responses is the | degree of relationship |
| Which of the following is an example of a case study? | conducting a series of interviews over a year with an anxiety-disordered student |
| Dr. Jimand poses as a student in his study of Bosnian students who are adjusting to college life in the United States. Dr. Jimand lives in the dorm with the students and attends classes with them. What research method is he using? | naturalistic observation |
| In a double-blind experiment | neither researchers nor participants know who is in the control or experimental group. |
| A correlational study is used to determine | the relationship between variables. |
| In experimental research, the group which receives no treatment is called the ________ group. | control |
| Internal validity refers to the | extent to which experimental design represents the real world. |
| Professor Stenson is examining the effects of color on patients' anxiety level. She randomly assigns patients to either a room painted white or a room painted black, and then records their blood pressure. What is the independent variable? | room color |
| When conducting an experiment, Jamie assigns everybody who arrives before noon to the treatment condition and everybody who arrives after noon to the control group. What is wrong with this experiment? | Jamie has not used true random assignment to conditions. |
| External validity refers to the | extent to which an experimental design reflects the real-world issues it explores. |
| Dr. Kingston is examining how student's reading speed is affected by being tutored either by a teacher's assistant or a computer-based reading program. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable? | reading speed |
| Jean is a psychologist who studies the changes that take place in people over the course of their lifespan. Jean most likely specializes in ________ psychology. | developmental |
| A psychologist who is more interested in what you do, as opposed to how you feel, has adopted the ________ approach. | behavioral |
| A psychologist who feels that people's thought processes function almost like computer programs endorses which of the following psychological perspectives? | cognitive |
| "I am not as concerned about what is going on in your life today, as I am with the upbringing you received " Which type of psychologist is most likely to have uttered these words? | psychodynamic |
| John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner believed that | psychology should focus on interactions with the environment that can be seen and measured |
| With what psychological approach is Sigmund Freud associated? | psychodynamic |
| Which best depicts B.F. Skinner's belief about studying human behavior? | what we do is most important |
| During a therapy session, Mrs. Brown has been asked to discuss her emotions in regards to objects in her dreams. Mrs. Brown and her therapist are delving into the ________ mind. | unconscious |
| Which type of psychologist would be most interested in how Little Jasmine learns to read? | cognitive |
| Psychologists rely on ________ which is the process of thinking reflectively and actively, and evaluating evidence. | critical thinking |
| A(n) ________ psychologist might be employed to work with architects to determine the best working arrangement, color, and lighting for a work place, hospital, or research laboratory. | industrial-organizational |
| Which perspective of psychology most clearly focuses on how we learn observable responses? | behavioral |
Created by:
wordsworth