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EPSY test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following BEST illustrates the state of functional fixedness | Nathaniel, a student using a ruler to draw lines, fails to realize that he can use its metal edge as a scraper to remove paint from his desk |
| You are teaching a class of students who are very inexperienced in solving problems on their own. What is the most useful strategy for the teacher to use in order to help students solve the problems for a particular unit? | Combine the use of guidelines for problem solving with student self-monitoring |
| creativity is thought to be associated directly with what type of thinking? | Divergent thinking |
| Cheryl gets good grades in her language class but uses incorrect grammar and punctuation in her written work in other classes. This situation suggests a problem with | Transfer |
| The stage of transfer for strategies in which the teacher should provide new problems that can be solved with the same strategy is what stage? | Transfer |
| Studies of expertise have discovered that chess masters are superior to non-expert players in ____ | Recognition of meaningful chess patterns |
| Overlearning is the process of practicing a skill | Past the point of mastery, such that a retention is imporved |
| Expert teachers dont have to think as hard as beginning teachers due to an ability to _____ | Recognize patterns in problems |
| Frank was supposed to push three wheelbarrows back to the barn, and he wasnt relishing the idea of three trips. So he loaded two wheelbarrows into the third and made one trip. He demonstrated | Insight |
| Means-end analysis in problem solving invloves | Distance reduction and dividing a problem into subgoals |
| A procedure that is guaranteed to accomplish a particular goal when correctly implemented is called | an algorithm |
| Use of the READS method would probably have questionable benefits for ____ | Children in early elementary school |
| The strategy of solving a crossword puzzle by doing "down" items before "across" items is an example of | a heuristic strategy |
| Gwen the class VP suggested that they organize committees that would be responsible for 1) checking the calendar 2) checking with other schools 3) checking availability of the football stadium. Gwen is _____ | working backwards |
| You remember when you lost your wallet last semester campus security found it for you. When you lost it again, you called them first. The method used to solve this problem was _____ | Schema-driven route |
| In order to encourage student creativity teachers are advised to | Reinforce unusual solutions even if the product is not perfect |
| Michael was asked to devise as many unusual uses for a brick as he could. All of Michael's ideas dealt with using a brick to break things. In what aspect of creativity proposed by Torrence is Michael lacking? | Flexibility |
| One of the conditions for using good learning strategies is that students must | Value & care about learning |
| A consequence is defined by Skinner as a reinforcer OR a punisher depending on whether it _____ | Increases or decreases the frequency of the behavior that it follows |
| Ray's temper tantrums have finally driven his mother to her wits end. Ray's mother resolves that she will ignore the tantrums no matter what. This plan is an example of _____ | Extinction |
| Which one of the following statements is an example of cueing | Please remember to put your name on each page |
| What schedule of reinforcement is most likely to be involved when teachers give pop quizzes | Variable-interval |
| Behavioral theories of learning emphasize _______ | Observable actions |
| Mr. Bennett's student teacher suggested using a token reinforcement strategy w/ his disruptive 6th grade class. The Token system was received well by students and soon the class was following the rules. Now that it works, tokens should be distributed __ | on an intermittent schedule |
| Ms. Johnson's 6th graders complained about diagramming sentences, and they were able to convince her to show a movie first. Ms JOhnson made the common error of _____ | Using a reinforcer before a low-frequency behavior |
| A neutral stimulus is paired w/ an unconditioned stimulus that brings about an unconditioned response. Thru repeated pairing of the neutral and unconditioned stimulus the _____ | conditioned stimulus will trigger a conditioned response |
| Cognitive behavior modification adds what to the management process | Self- instruction |
| the schedule of reinforcement that is the most appropriate to use in the classroom because it encourages persistence & high rates of response is what type of schedule | Variable-ratio |
| Shaping is an appropriate method for developing new behavior when _____ | Performance is otherwise too poor to gain reinforement |
| What is a major advantage of task analysis | Describes the sequence of skills leading to a goal |
| The concluding step to the self-management process is | Self-reinforcement |
| In an experiment an electric can opener is used to open a can and no salivation by the subject is detected. After a number of pairing between the can opener operation and food, any time the opener is used the subject salivates. The conditioned response is | Salivation to the can opener |
| Operant conditioning differs from classical conditioning by | Focusing on the consequences of voluntary behavior |
| in classical conditioning the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus must be | in a contiguous relationship |
| Woolfolk suggests that programs for promoting group responsibility may be particularly hard on | Unpopular students who are unable to perform well |
| Mr. Lynch always uses his "mean" face to stop undesirable behavior in his first class. Whenever he looks at tommy it increases tommy's bad behavior. For Tommy, the "mean" face is what? | a positive reinforcer |
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