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AP chem chapter 3

chapter three vocabulary

TermDefinition
chemical stoichiometry calculation of quantities of material consumed and produced in chemical reactions
mass spectrometer instrument used to determine relative masses of atoms by deflection of their ions on a magnetic field
average atomic mass also known as atomic mass. average mass of an element
mole number equal to number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12.
Avogadro's number number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. 6.02 x 10^23
molar mass mass in grams of 1 mole of molecules or formula units of a substance also called molecular weight
conceptual problem solving problem solving in a flexible, creative way based on an understanding of the fundamental ideas of chemistry
mass percent percent by mass of a component of a mixture of a given element in a compound.
empirical formula simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound
molecular formula exact formula of a molecule giving the types of atoms and the number of each type
chemical equation representative of a chemical reaction showing the relative numbers of reactants and product molecules
reactants starting substance in a chemical reaction. appears to the left of the arrow in a chemical reaction.
products substance resulting from a chemical reaction. shown to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation.
balancing a chemical equation obeying the law of conservation of mass. Same number and types of atoms present in both reactants and products.
mole ratio ration of moles of 1 substance to moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation
stoichiometric mixture mixture contains the relative amounts of reactants that match the numbers in the balanced equation.
limiting reactant reactant that is completely consumed when a reaction is run to completion
theoretical yield maximum amount of a given product that can be formed when the limiting reactant is completely consumed.
percent yield actual amount of a product as a percent of the theoretical yield
Created by: mrsklann
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