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AP chem chapter 3
chapter three vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chemical stoichiometry | calculation of quantities of material consumed and produced in chemical reactions |
| mass spectrometer | instrument used to determine relative masses of atoms by deflection of their ions on a magnetic field |
| average atomic mass | also known as atomic mass. average mass of an element |
| mole | number equal to number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. |
| Avogadro's number | number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. 6.02 x 10^23 |
| molar mass | mass in grams of 1 mole of molecules or formula units of a substance also called molecular weight |
| conceptual problem solving | problem solving in a flexible, creative way based on an understanding of the fundamental ideas of chemistry |
| mass percent | percent by mass of a component of a mixture of a given element in a compound. |
| empirical formula | simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound |
| molecular formula | exact formula of a molecule giving the types of atoms and the number of each type |
| chemical equation | representative of a chemical reaction showing the relative numbers of reactants and product molecules |
| reactants | starting substance in a chemical reaction. appears to the left of the arrow in a chemical reaction. |
| products | substance resulting from a chemical reaction. shown to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation. |
| balancing a chemical equation | obeying the law of conservation of mass. Same number and types of atoms present in both reactants and products. |
| mole ratio | ration of moles of 1 substance to moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation |
| stoichiometric mixture | mixture contains the relative amounts of reactants that match the numbers in the balanced equation. |
| limiting reactant | reactant that is completely consumed when a reaction is run to completion |
| theoretical yield | maximum amount of a given product that can be formed when the limiting reactant is completely consumed. |
| percent yield | actual amount of a product as a percent of the theoretical yield |
Created by:
mrsklann