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Periodic Table
Chemistry Unit 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Periodic table | Chart of all known elements. Organised according to the structure of the atoms in each element - increasing atomic no. and mass |
| Row | Period |
| Column | Group (Family) - similar characteristics |
| Alkali Metals | Group 1, S(harp), e.g. Na Sodium, K Potassium, very reactive, soft and silvery metal |
| Alkaline Earth Metals | Group 2, S(harp), e.g. Ca Calcium, Mg Magnesium, lustrous silvery metal |
| Halogens | Group 7, P(rinciple), corrosive, non-metals, only 5 elements in group e.g Cl chlorine |
| Noble/Inert Gases | Group 8 (O), P(rinciple), low chemical reactivity, colourless gases e.g. He Helium, Ar Arogon |
| Transitional Metals | e.g. Cu Copper, middle and bottom sections of periodic table, D(iffuse) (N.B. and F(undamental)? at bottom) |
| Properties of metals | Most of the periodic table; hard, shiny, strong, mostly solid, can be magnetic, good conductors, malleable, reactive, make a ringing sound, high density, can be easily combined to make alloys |
| Properties of non-metals | Do not have the properties of metals; i.e. brittle, weak, poor conductors, non-magnetic, no metallic luster, mix of states (solid, liquids and gases), mostly insulators, make a dull sound, low density |
| Number top/top left of elemental symbol | (relative) atomic mass = p + n |
| Number bottom/bottom left of elemental symbol | Atomic number = p |
| Conductive | ability to conduct or transmit heat, electricity or sound |
| Metalloids | Properties in between or a mixture of metals and non-metals. No standard definition and no complete agreement on which elements are metalloids |
| Solids | At room temperature most of the elements are solids |
| Physical change | Change of phase - substance remains the same - e.g. water to ice |
| Chemical change | Chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed e.g. water into hydrogen peroxide |
| Alkali Metal example | Sodium Na |
| Alkaline Earth Metal example | Calcium Ca |
| Halogen example | Chlorine Cl |
| Noble Gas example | Helium He |
| Metalloids example | Boron B |
| Transitional Metals example | Copper Cu |
Created by:
bananas20
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