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Anatomy&Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the four major elements found in the chemicals that comprise the human body? | Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen |
| This refers to a weighted average of the atomic weights of all naturally occurring isotopes of an element? | Atomic mass |
| Which subatomic particle is shared by two atoms to form a covalent bond? | Electron |
| The three types of subatomic particles that are important for understanding chemical reactions in the human body are | Protons, neutrons and electrons |
| What region of an atom contains the protons and neutrons? | Nucleus |
| Which subatomic particle has a neutral charge? | Neutron |
| The number of protons in an atom is represented by an element's______ | Atomic number |
| What is the name given to a negatively charged atom? | Anion |
| Describe a hydrogen bond | Weakest bond. Two other atoms associate with a hydrogen atom between molecules. |
| Describe an ionic bond | When one loses an ion to another but not sharing ions. |
| Describe a covalent bond | strongest because it shares electrons from the valence shell |
| Explain the octet rule | When an atom want 8 electrons in the valence shell. Most stable, and strongest/perfect |
| Reactant | starting substance |
| producs | ending substance |
| Law of conservation of mass | mass is converted not lost or gained |
| law of conservation of energy | first law of themodynamics, total energy of an ISOLATED system remains constant. |
| Exergonic | out. energy released |
| Endergonic | IN. energy absorbed |
| Anabolism | synthesis (metabolism) |
| catabolism | breaking apart (decomposition) |
| Hydrologisis reaction | Water ADDED to Break bonds |
| Dehydration synthesis reaction | water removed to MAKE bonds |
| What is a mixture | a mix of different substances |
| what is a solution | when a solvent dissolves a solute |
| what is a colloid | solutions that are bigger. scatters light (milk) |
| what is a suspension | huge particles that separate out over time (oil and water) |
| What does a buffer system do? | maintain body fluid homeostatsis and help regulate help regulate pH |
| Describe two functions of water in the body | provides a lubricant for the organs and dissolves solutes |
| Which type of chemical reaction breaks larger reactants into smaller products? | decomposition |
| A chemical compound that helps control the pH of a solution by adding or removing hydrogen ions is a_______ | buffer |
| an enzyme acts to | lower the activation energy needed to start the reaction |
| which type of chemical reaction combines reactants to produce larger products | synthesis |
| Define hydrophilic | a solute that readily dissolves in water |
| a chemical reaction involves interactions between the _____ of two different atoms | valence electrons |
Created by:
hannahb22