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Science 8H Unit B2

Review for Unit B2 for Honors Science

QuestionAnswer
What is an atom? The smallest piece of matter an element can be divided into & still be that element.
Where are the highly reactive metals located on the Periodic Table of Elements? The 1st & 2nd columns.
Where are the moderately reactive metals located on the Periodic Table of Elements? Columns 3-16 and the rare earth metals are at the bottom.
Where are the metalloids located on the Periodic Table of Elements? Follow the stair step line in columns 13 - 17
Where are the moderately reactive nonmetals located on the Periodic Table of Elements? Above the stair step line in columns 14 - 16.
Where are the highly reactive nonmetals located on the Periodic Table of Elements? Column 17 on the right (but not the last column)
Where are the non-reactive nonmetals located on the Periodic Table of Elements? Far right side (column 18)
What increases as you go down a row (left to right) on the Periodic Table of Elements? Atomic number / number of protons in one atom
List properties of any element that will not change no matter what you do to it (not including a chemical reaction). Density, melting point, boiling point, atomic number, reactivity, number of bonds with hydrogen
How are elements put into the same group on the Periodic Table of Elements? Based on their chemical properties (such as number of bonds with hydrogen).
In what column number on the Periodic Table of Elements would a non-reactive colorless gas be found? Column 18 (noble gases).
In what column number on the Periodic Table of Elements would a highly reactive, silvery metal be found? Column 1 (Alkali metals).
In what column number on the Periodic Table of Elements would a highly reactive gas be found? Column 17 (some of them are halogens).
In what column number on the Periodic Table of Elements would a solid with some metallic properties and some non-metallic properties be found? Columns 13 - 17 (metalloids).
What does the number of protons in an atom "control" about the atom? Which element the atom is / its identity
How does the number of neutrons in an atom affect the atom? Affects ONLY the mass of the atom.
Where in the atom are the electrons located that will have the most impact on the reactivity of that atom? In the valence/outer shell
What are the electrons in the outermost shell called? Valence electrons
How does the number of the outer-shell electrons impact the atom? Affects what the atom will bond with and/or how many bonds it will bond for. (They affect the level of reactivity of the atom).
Name the states of matter and their particles' amount of force of attraction. Solid - most Liquid - medium Gas - least
Name the states of matter and their particles' amount of energy. Solid - least Liquid - medium Gas - most
List all of the properties of an element that can be seen or figured out by using the Periodic Table of Elements. Element name, symbol, atomic #, atomic mass, mass #, # of p, # of n, # of e, # of electron shells, # of electrons per shell, state of matter @ room temp., family, group #, period #, reactivity, man-made vs. naturally occurring, metal vs. nonmetal
If you know the level of reactivity for an element, what else does that information indicate about the element? It indicates what family it's in & how easily it reacts with other elements.
What chemical properties can be used to place elements in columns on the Periodic Table of Elements? level of reactivity, number of bonds formed with hydrogen
List silly putty, water, steel, and nitrogen gas in order of strongest to weakest bond between particles. steel, silly putty, water, nitrogen gas
What subatomic particle is positive? Proton.
What subatomic particle is negative? Electron.
What subatomic particle is neutral? Neutron.
What subatomic particles are in the nucleus of an atom? Proton & Neutron.
What subatomic particle orbits the nucleus of an atom? Electron.
How does reactivity change as you move from left to right across the Periodic Table of Elements? It decreases.
How do metallic properties change as you move left to right across the Periodic Table of Elements? They increase until column 17 (they stop at column 18).
Created by: ccrane46
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