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Physics
Chapter 21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The routine, periodic evaluation of an ultrasound system to guarntee optimal image quality. | Quality assurance |
| Four requirements for a quality assurance program are: | 1.assessment of systems components 2.repairs 3.preventive maintenance 4.record keeping |
| The five goals of a quality assurance program are: | 1.proper operation of equipment 2.detect gradual changes 3.minimize downtime 4.reduce non-diagnostic exams 5.reduce repeat exams |
| Object is a fluid-filled tank containing strategically located stainless steel pins or plastic strings. | AIUM 100mm test |
| Evaluated when the pins in the test object are perpendicular to the sound beam | Lateral resoluton |
| Evaluated when the pins in the test object are parallel to the sound beam's main axis. | Axial resolution |
| Evaluated by comparing the distances between the reflections on the display with the actual distances in the test object | Electronic caliper accuracy |
| Evaluated by scanning the pins located at the top of the test object, very close to the transducer. | Dead zone |
| Have ultrasonic features similar to soft tissue, has water-based gelatin that has grafite or powdered milk | Tissue equivalent phantom or tissue mimicing phantom |
| Evaluated with this phantom since it contains small scatterers that resemble soft tissue. | Grayscale |
| Include a circulation pump which propels a fluid through vessels embedded in a tissue equivalent phantom, not readily available. | Doppler phantom |
| Refers to the ability of a system to display low-level echoes. | Sensitivity |
| Three forms of sensitivty are: | 1.minimum 2.normal 3.maximum |
| Assesses the weakest echo signal that is accurately displayed. It assesses the detection of low level echoes in the far field. | Minimum sensitivty |
| Found at a higher gain than the minimum sensitivity. setting should not vary from one routine evaluation to the next. | Normal sensitivity |
| evaluated with the output power and amplification of the system set to the maximum practical levels. | Maximum sensitivity |
| The ability of the system to place reflections in proper positions while imaging from a different orientations | Registration Accuracy |
| Describes the systems accuracy in placing reflectors at correct depths located parallel to the sound beam | Range accuracy, or vertical depth calibration |
| The systems ability to place echoes in their correct position perpendicular to the sound beam. | Horizontal calibration |
| Surrounds the focus. | Focal zone |
| The smallest distance at which two pins parallel to the sound beam are displayed as two distinct echoes. | Axial resolution |
| The minimum distance that two side-by-side rods are displayed as two distinct images | Lateral resolution |
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