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English
Literary terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The repition of initial consonant sounds neighboring words. Suzie sells subs down by the seashore. | Alliteration |
| A reference in literature to a familiar person, place or thing. | Allusion |
| The process or result of identifying the parts of a whole and their relationship to one another.The police analyze the information at the crime scene to see what happened. | Analysis |
| A word that is opposite of another wordCold/Hot Mean/Friendly | Antonym |
| The method an author uses to reveal his characters and their various personalities. | Characterization |
| Place together characters, situations or ideas to show common or differing features in literary selections. | Compare |
| Information from the reading that identifies a word or group of words. | Context Clues |
| Mechanics, usage and sentence completenessThe boy. (Fragment)The boy played with the ball. (Complete Sentence) | Conventions of Language |
| Examine and judge carefully.The student was convince that grass was blue. Everyone examined his idea and desided he was color blind. | Evaluate |
| Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.His heart was hard as nails because the love of his life left with his brother. (Can his heart really be hard as nails?) | Figurative Language |
| The clear, easy written or spoken expression of ideas. Being able to read and understand all words that you see.Jim can read 100 words per minute and understands the information. | Fluency |
| The center of interest or attention. | Focus |
| a story originating in oral tradition. Fall into a variety of categories, including legends, ghost stories, fairy tales, fables and anecdotes based on historical figures and events | Folktales |
| a device used in literature to create expectation or to set up an explanation of later developments | Foreshadow |
| poetry that lacks regular metrical and rhyme patterns but that tries to capture the cadences of everyday speech. The form allows a poet to exploit a variety oh rhythmical effects within a single poem | Free Verse |
| a conclusion, drawn from specific information that is used to make a broad statement about a topic or person. | Generalization |
| A category used to classify literary works, usually by form, technique or content Examples are short stories, novels, poems | Genre |
| A diagram or pictorial device that shows relationships Concept Maps, Word Webs | Graphic Organizer |
| A word that is pronounced the same, but that has different meaning To, too, two hair, hare | Homophone |
| An Exaggeration or overstatement. (I’m so hungry I could eat a horse.) | Hyperbole |
| An expression peculiar to itself grammatically or that cannot be understood if taken literally. (I’m having a ball.) | Idiomatic Language |
| a word or group of words in a literary work which appeal to one or more of the senses: sight, taste, touch, hearing, and smell; figurative language. The use of images serves to intensify the impact of the work. | Imagery |
| meanings which, though unexpressed in the literal text, may be understood by the reader; implied | Implicit |
| a judgment based on reasoning rather than on direct or explicit statement. A conclusion based on facts or circumstances; understandings gained by “reading between the lines” | Inference |
| a form, suffix or element added to the end of a word that changes the form of the word to mark such distinctions as those of case, gender, number, tense, person, mood or voice | Inflectional Text |
| comprise the majority of printed material adults read. It is non-fiction, written primarily to convey factual information (textbooks, newspapers, reports, directions, brochures, technical manuals, etc.) | Informational Text |
| The use of a word or phrase to mean that exact opposite of its literal meaning; incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected results | Irony |
| a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events, or a story coming down from the past, especially one popularly regarded as historical although not verifiable | Legends |
| a light or humorous verse form of five lines, of which lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme and lines 3 and 4 rhyme | Limerick |
| The struggle that grows out of the interplay of the two opposing forces in a plot. | Literary Conflict |
| The essential techniques used in literature (e.g. characterization, setting, plot, theme) | Literary Elements |
| Tools used by the author to enliven and provide voice to the writing (e.g., dialogue, alliteration) | Literary Devices |
| The author’s method of organizing text (e.g. foreshadowing, flashbacks) | Literary Structures |
| the author’s message in a paragraph about the topic. It is often expressed directly or it can be implied. | Main Idea |
| a figure of speech that expresses an idea through the image of another object. They suggest the essence of the first object by identifying it with certain qualities of the second object | Metaphor |
| The repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry. | Meter |
| the prevailing emotions of a work or of the author in his or her creation of the work. The mood of a work is not always what might be expected based on its subject matter | Mood |
| A story, actual or fictional, expressed orally or in writing. | Narrative |
| writing that is not fictional; designed primarily to explain, argue, or describe rather than entertain. | Nonfiction |
| the use of words whose sounds express or suggest their meaning. May be represented by words that mimic the sounds they denote such as “hiss” or “meow” | Onomatopoeia |
| Restate text or passage in other words, often to clarify meaning or show understanding. | Paraphrase |
| A book with a predictable language structure and often written with predictable text; also know as predictable book. | Pattern Book |
| An object or abstract idea given human qualities or human form. (e.g. Flowers danced about the lawn) | Personification |
| The relationship between letters and sounds fundamental in beginning reading. | Phonics |
| The way in which an author reveals characters, events and ideas in telling a story; the vantage point from which the story is told. | Point of View |
| a form of a noun or pronoun that indicates possession. In English the possessive of singular nouns is usually formed by the addition of an apostrophe and “s.” | Possessive |
| an affix put before a word to alter its meaning. The element dis- in disbelieve is a prefix. | Prefix |
| forms such as newspapers, periodicals, magazines, books, newsletters, advertising, memos, business forms, etc. | Print Media |
| an organizational structure in nonfiction texts, where the author typically presents a problem and possible solutions | Problem Solution |
| A document that focuses on civic issues or matters of public policy at the community level and beyond. | Public Document |
| Reading in which a questioning attitude, logical analysis and inference are used to judge the worth of text; evaluating relevancy and adequacy of what is read; the judgment or worth of what is read, based on sound criteria. | Reading Critically |
| The speed at which a person reads, usually silently. | Reading Rate |
| A systematic way into a subject or problem in order to discover, verify or revise relevant facts or principles having to do with that subject or problem. | Research |
| portion of a story following the climax, in which the conflict is resolved. | Resolution |
| a child is asked to recount in her/his own words a story that’t just been read. The exercise encourages the youngster to think and look at the bigger picture, but also includes details or character, plot, setting, conflict and resolution. | Retell |
| identical or very similar recurring final sounds in words usually at the end of lines of a poem | Rhyme |
| the pattern of beat of a poem | Rhythm |
| part of a story where the plot becomes increasingly complicated. It leads up to the climax, or the turning point | Rising Action |
| a word that prefixes and suffixes can be added to form different words. (Help; helpful, unhelpful, helpless, helper, etc.) | Root Word |
| A literary tone used to ridicule or make fun of human vice or weakness. | Satire |
| Know when what one is reading or writing is not making sense; adjust strategies for comprehension. | Self-Monitor |
| The study of meaning in language. | Semantics |
| the time and place in which a story unfolds | Setting |
| A comparison of two unlike things in which a word of comparison (like or as) is used (e.g. She eats like a bird.) | Simile |
| a lyric poem of fourteen lines whose rhyme scheme is fixed. (abab cdcd efef gg) | Sonnet |
| Text and/or artifacts that tell or show a first-hand account of an event; original works used when researching | Primary Source |
| Text and/or artifacts used when researching that are derived from something original | Secondary Source |
| a visual representation of a story that provides an overview including characters, setting, the problem, and resolution or ending. | Story Maps |
| An organized body of knowledge; a discipline; a content area. | Subject Area |
| groups of letters placed after a word to modify its meaning or change it into a different word group, from an adjective to an adverb, etc. | Suffix |
| to capture all the most important parts of the original text (paragraph, story, and poem), but express them in a much shorter space, and – as far as possible- in the readers own words | Summarize |
| How an author writes; an author’s use of language; its effects and appropriateness to the author’s intent and theme | Style |
| a device in literature where an object represents an idea | Symbolism |
| One of two or more words in a language that have highly similar meanings (e.g. sorrow, grief, sadness). | Synonym |
| The pattern or structure of word order in sentences, clauses and phrases. | Syntax |
| A topic of discussion or writing; a major idea broad enough to cover the entire scope of a literary work. | Theme |
| The basic argument advanced by a speaker or writer who then attempts to prove it; the subject or major argument of a speech or composition. | Thesis |
| The attitude of the author toward the audience and characters (e.g. serious or humorous). | Tone |
| refers to statements that have the appearance of truth or reality | Validity |
| diagram made up of two or more overlapping circles. In Language art instruction, Venn diagrams are useful for examining similarities and differences in characters, stories, poems, etc. | Venn Diagrams |
| The fluency, rhythm and liveliness in writing that makes it unique to the writer. | Voice |
| Any visual cues on a page of text that offer additional information to guide the reader's comprehension. | Headings, Graphics and Charts |
| A speaker is speaking in either the first person or third person | Limited View |
| A narrative perspective in which the story is presented to the reader from a godlike perspective. The reader knows what the characeters are doing and tihnking | Omniscient |
| The structure of the story. The sequence in which the author arranges the story uaually including the rising action, the climax, the falling action and resolution. | Plot |
| writing that aims to present ideas and evoke an emotional experience in the reader through the use of meter, imagery, connotative and concrete words, and a carefully constructed structure based on rhythmic patterns | Poetry |
| Point of view that presents the events of a story from outside of any single characters' perception. No insight to what characters are thinking. | Third Person |
Created by:
dianamcmullen
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