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Sociology 2 Test 2
Stack #196265
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| __________ is the social institution that organizes a society's production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. | F) The economy |
| __________ is a productive system based on service work and high technology. | E) Postindustrial economy |
| __________ is the part of the economy that draws raw materials from the natural environment. | M) Primary sector |
| __________ is the part of the economy that transforms raw materials into manufactured goods. | R) Secondary sector |
| __________ is the part of the economy that involves services rather than goods. | I) Tertiary sector |
| __________ is expanding economic activity with little regard for national borders. | L) Global economy |
| __________ is an economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned. | D) Capitalism |
| __________ is an economic system in which natural resources and the means of production are collectively owned. | A) Socialism |
| __________ is a hypothetical economic and political system in which all members of a society are socially equal. | K) Communism |
| __________ is an economic and political system that combines a mostly market-based economy with extensive social welfare programs. | Q) Welfare capitalism |
| __________ is an economic and political system in which companies are privately owned but cooperate closely with the government. | H) State capitalism |
| __________ refers to the jobs that provide extensive benefits to workers. | P) Primary labor market |
| __________ refers to the jobs that provide minimal benefits to workers. | T) Secondary labor market |
| __________ are organizations of workers that seek to improve wages and working conditions through various strategies, including negotiations and strikes. | N) Labor unions |
| A(n) __________ is a prestigious white-collar occupation that requires extensive formal education. | G) profession |
| __________ is an economic activity involving income unreported to the government as required by law. | J) Underground economy |
| A(n) __________ is an organization with a legal existence, including rights and liabilities, apart from that of its members. | C) corporation |
| A(n) __________ is a giant corporation composed of many smaller corporations. | B) conglomerate |
| __________ is the domination of a market by a single producer. | O) Monopoly |
| __________ is the domination of a market by a few producers. | S) Oligopoly |
| __________ is the social institution that distributes power, sets a society's agenda, and makes decisions. | K) Politics |
| __________ is the ability to achieve desired ends despite resistance from others. | H) Power |
| __________ is a formal organization that directs the political life of a society. | B) government |
| __________ is power that people perceive as legitimate rather than coercive. | C) Authority |
| __________ is the power legitimized through respect for long-established cultural patterns. | L) Traditional authority |
| __________ is power legitimized by legally enacted rules and regulations. | M) Rational-legal authority or bureaucratic authority |
| __________ is power legitimized through extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion and obedience. | P) Charismatic authority |
| __________ refers to the transformation of charismatic authority into some combination of traditional and bureaucratic authority. | W) Routinization of charisma |
| __________ is a type of political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation. | T) Monarchy |
| 10. __________ is a type of political system that gives power to the people as a whole. | I) Democracy |
| __________ is a type of political system that denies popular participation in governments. | J) Authoritarianism |
| __________ is a highly centralized political system that extensively regulates people's lives. | A) Totalitarianism |
| __________ is a range of government agencies and programs that provides benefits to the population. | F) Welfare state |
| __________ are political alliances of people interested in some economic or social issue. | U) Special-interest groups |
| __________ are organizations formed by special-interest groups, independent of political parties, to raise and spend money in support of political aims. | O) Political action committees (PACs) |
| __________ is an analysis of politics that sees power as dispersed among many competing interest groups. | V) Pluralist model |
| __________ is an analysis of politics that sees power as concentrated among the rich. | S) Power-elite model |
| __________ is an analysis that explains politics in terms of the operation of a society's economic system. | D) Marxist political-economy model |
| __________ is the overthrow of one political system in order to establish another. | E) Political revolution |
| __________ refers to acts of violence or the threat of such violence used as a political strategy by an individual or group. | G) Terrorism |
| __________ is organized, armed conflict among the people of various nations, directed by their governments. | N) War |
| __________ is the close association of the federal government, the military, and defense industries. | Q) Military-industrial complex |
| __________ is the acquisition of nuclear weapons technology by more and more nations. | R) Nuclear proliferation |
| __________ is a social instrument found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to oversee the bearing and raising of children. | K) The family |
| __________ is a social bond based on blood, marriage, or adoption. | R) Kinship |
| __________ is a legally sanctioned relationship, usually involving economic cooperation as well as sexual activity and childbearing, that people expect to be enduring. | C) Marriage |
| __________ is a family unit that includes parents and children as well as other kin. | I) Extended family or Consanguine family |
| __________ is a family unit composed of one or two parents and their children. | N) Nuclear family or Conjugal family |
| __________ is marriage between people of the same social category. | O) Endogamy |
| __________ is marriage between people of different social categories. | P) Exogamy |
| __________ is marriage that unites two partners. | E) Monogamy |
| __________ is marriage that unites three or more people. | T) Polygamy |
| __________ is marriage that unites one man and two or more women. | H) Polygyny |
| __________ is marriage that unites one woman and two or more men. | Q) Polyandry |
| __________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the husband's family. | J) Patrilocality |
| __________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the wife's family. | U) Matrilocality |
| _________ is a residential pattern in which a married couple lives apart from both sets of parents. | V) Neolocality |
| __________ is the system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations. | F) Descent |
| __________ is a system tracing kinship through men. | L) Patrilineal descent |
| __________ is a system tracing kinship through women. | S) Matrilineal descent |
| __________ is a system tracing kinship through both men and women. | G) Bilateral descent |
| __________ is a norm forbidding sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives. | W) Incest taboo |
| __________ is marriage between people with the same social characteristics. | M) Homogamy |
| __________ is sexual activity outside marriage. | D) Infidelity |
| __________ is emotional, physical, or sexual abuse of one family member by another. | A) Family violence |
| __________ is the sharing of a household by an unmarried couple. | B) Cohabitation |
Created by:
Marissa Hamilton