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Math Vocab Ch.1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| quantity | anything that can be measured of counted |
| variable | a symbol, usually a letter, that represents the value(s) of a variable quantity |
| algebraic expression | a mathematical phrase that includes one or more variables |
| numerical expression | mathematical phrase with numbers and operation symbols, but no variables |
| power | has two parts.... the base and exponent |
| exponent | tells you how many times to use the base as a factor |
| base | the part of the power that is being multiplied |
| simplify | to replace an expression with its simplest number or form |
| evaluate | to replace each variable with a given number and simplify using order of operations |
| square root | a number A is a square root of a number B if AxA = B |
| raicand | the expression under the radical symbol |
| radical | the radical symbol and radicand together |
| perfect square | the square of an integer |
| set | a well-defined collection of objects; elements listed within braces { } |
| elemental of a set | each object in a set |
| subset | consists of elements from the given set |
| rational numbers | any number you can write in the form a/b where a and b are integers and b does not equal 0 |
| natural numbers | 1,2,3,4,5... |
| whole nubers | 0,1,2,3,4,5... |
| integers | ...,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5... |
| irrational numbers | cannot be represented as the quotient of two integers |
| real numbers | rational numbers and irrational numbers |
| inequality | mathematical sentence that compares the values of two expressions using the inequality symbols such as < > ≤ ≥ |
| equivalent espressions | algebraic expressions that have the same value for all values of variables |
| deductive reasoning | the process of reasoning logically from the given facts to a conclusion |
| counter example | an example showing that a statement is false |
| absolute value | a number's distance from 0 on a number line (always nonnegative) |
| opposites | two numbers that are the same distance from 0 but in opposite directions on a # line |
| additive inverses | a number and its opposite |
| inverse Property of Addition | the sum of a number and its opposite -> ALWAYS 0 (a+-a=0) |
| multiplicative inverse | a number that when multiplied will result in a product of 1 (ax1/a=1) |
| reciprocal | if a/b then b/a |
| distributive property | used to simplify the product of a number and one or more variables |
| term | a number, variable, or the product of a number and one or more variables |
| constant | a term that has no variable |
| coefficient | a numerical factor of a term |
| like terms | have the SAME variable factors |
| equation | a mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign |
| open sentence | equation containing one or more variables and may be true or false depending on the values of its variables |
| solution of an equation (1) | a value of the variable that makes the equation true |
| solution of an equation (2) | an ordered pair (x,y) that makes the equation true |
| inductive reasoning | process of reaching a conclusion based on an observed pattern |
Created by:
LBurnham
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