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Biology Organelles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | The control center of the cell |
| Golgi Apparatus | When newly formed proteins leave the rough endoplasmic reticulum, they are transported to this organelle, where the proteins are sorted and packaged |
| Cell membrane | The part of the cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell |
| Mitochondria | This serves as the "powerhouse" of the cell |
| Chloroplasts | This is the site of photosynthesis in a plant cell |
| Ribosomes | These may be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
| Chromoplasts | This organelle contains pigments of all colors except green |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | The type of endoplasmic reticulum to which no ribosomes are attached |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | . The type of endoplasmic reticulum to which ribosomes are attached |
| Cytoskeleton | This is the site of protein synthesis in a cell |
| Nuclear Membrane | This porous structure surrounds the nucleus, keeping it intact |
| Nucleolus | This part of the cell manufactures the ribosomal subunits |
| Lysosomes | The part of the cell contains strong digestive enzymes to break down proteins, carbohydrates and lipids into small molecules that can be sued by the rest of the cell. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | The place where lipids are manufactured |
| Cytoskeleton | This organelle consists of two types of fibers called microfilaments and microtubules |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Newly made proteins are inserted into spaces of this organelle where they are modified and shaped into functioning proteins |
| Golgi Apparatus | This organelle puts the "finishing touches" on proteins before they are shipped off to their final destinations |
| Central Vacoule | This large structure in a plant cell is filled with water creating turgor pressure |
| Chloroplasts | This organelle has the unique ability to absorb the energy from the sun and convert it into a molecule of glucose |
| Leukoplasts | This organelle serves as a storage area for starch in a plant cell |
| Cell Wall | This organelle is composed of tough, stringy cellulose fibers |
| Lysosomes | This organelle helps to "clean up" or destroy any debris that might build up inside the cell |
| Mitochondria | This is the site of cellular respiration |
| Cytoskeleton | This is an internal framework and support system to give shape and organization to a cell |
| Chromoplasts | This organelle gives fruits and flowers their color |