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Florist
Louisiana florist license exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the Principles of Design ? | Balance, Scale, Harmony, Focal Point, Accent, Rhythm, Repetition, Unity |
| What are the Elements of Design ? | Line, Texture, Form, Pattern, Color |
| Adding areas of color, texture, size or form | Accent |
| Design must be complete. All parts must be related and unified | Unity |
| Feeling of movement. Organized and easy for eyes to follow | Rhythm |
| Relationship of the design to space and surface. Flowers should be in proportion. | Scale |
| All components are in agreement and blend together | Harmony |
| Creates interest and provides contrast by repeated use of elements. | Repetition |
| Center of interest. Area just above rim. Largest or boldest flower. (except white unless monochromatic) | Focal Point |
| Stability. Equal Distribution. | Balance |
| Frame of the design. Determines shape. | Line |
| The surface quality of any object. The feel of materials used. | Texture |
| Shape in three dimensions. | Form |
| May be linear or mass or both. | Pattern |
| The aspect of things caused by differing qualities of the light reflected or emitted by them. | Color |
| What are the types of flowers ? | Line, Mass, Form and Filler |
| Filler Flowers | Used to fill in arrangements. Low and in background. (Statice, Gypsophila, pom pom mums, daisy poms, spray aster) |
| Form Flowers | Have distinctive shapes. Space should be maintained between them so they remain individual. (Orchid, Easter Lily, Ginger, Calla Lily, Bird of Paradise) |
| Mass Flowers | Have single stems with one solid head and are used towards focal point. (Gerber Daisy, Mum, Sunflower, Rose, Carnation) |
| Line Flowers | Erect, Tall spikes of blooms with florets. Feeling of Length. (Gladiolus, Stock, Snapdragon, Liatris) |
| What are the basic Wiring Methods ? | Pierce, hook, twist-wrap |
| Two types of Balance ? | Symmetrical - Formal - Each side of center is same and equal. Asymmetrical - Informal- two side of center axis are entirely different but equal in visual weight. |
| Creates interest and provides contrast by repeated use of elements. | Repetition |
| Center of interest. Area just above rim. Largest or boldest flower. (except white unless monochromatic) | Focal Point |
| Stability. Equal Distribution. | Balance |
| Frame of the design. Determines shape. | Line |
| The surface quality of any object. The feel of materials used. | Texture |
| Shape in three dimensions. | Form |
| May be linear or mass or both. | Pattern |
| The aspect of things caused by differing qualities of the light reflected or emitted by them. | Color |
| What are the types of flowers ? | Line, Mass, Form and Filler |
| Filler Flowers | Used to fill in arrangements. Low and in background. (Statice, Gypsophila, pom pom mums, daisy poms, spray aster) |
| Form Flowers | Have distinctive shapes. Space should be maintained between them so they remain individual. (Orchid, Easter Lily, Ginger, Calla Lily, Bird of Paradise) |
| Mass Flowers | Have single stems with one solid head and are used towards focal point. (Gerber Daisy, Mum, Sunflower, Rose, Carnation) |
| Line Flowers | Erect, Tall spikes of blooms with florets. Feeling of Length. (Gladiolus, Stock, Snapdragon, Liatris) |
| What are the basic Wiring Methods ? | Pierce, hook, twist-wrap |
| Two types of Balance ? | Symmetrical - Formal - Each side of center is same and equal. Asymmetrical - Informal- two side of center axis are entirely different but equal in visual weight. |
| Flowers that can be feathered ? | Carnations |
| How many inches should the height of a table arrangement be ? | 14 inches |
| What are the types of wedding bouquets ? | Cascade, Nosegay, Crescent, Arm Presentation |
| Where is flower #1 placed in an asymmetrical design ? | Off center, towards back. High side of design |
| Where is flower #2 placed in an asymmetrical design ? | Angled 45* between vertical and horizontal plane |
| Where is flower #3 placed in an asymmetrical design ? | Extends outward more than #2 allowing low side to counter balance high side. |
| Any three colors together ? | Triad Harmony |
| What are the main causes of leaf drop in house plants ? | Improper lighting and watering. Transplant shock, sudden temp change, over fertilization, Ethylene gas, pest and disease |
| Methods to change color of fresh flowers ? | Spray dye, dip dye, stem dye |
| For shade ? | Add black |
| For tone ? | Add Gray |
| For tint ? | Add White |
| What is hue ? | Pure Color |
| What are Tertiary colors ? | They are combos of primary and secondary on either side of the primary. |
| What are Secondary Colors ? | Orange, Green, Violet |
| What are Primary Colors ? | Red, Yellow, Blue |
| Mother-in-law's Tongue | The strongest house plant |
| Is Foliage always treated as flowers ? | Some is trimmed up and placed in buckets of tepid floral water. Some is moistened thoroughly and placed in plastic bags or wax boxes in cooler. |
| Effective for flowers that are sensitive to stem blockage due to air bubbles.. (roses, Gerberas) | Underwater cutting |
| Ethylene Gas Causes.. | Death, downward bending of leaves, premature withering, aging, leaf/florets dropping, yellowing of foliage, color fading |
| Respiration | use of food (sugar) to release energy, produce growth and maintain plant functions |
| Transpiration | The natural loss of water in plants and flowers |
| Factors affecting flower quality | Production, transpiration, floral food, temperature, humidity, ethylene gas, microbe activity |
| Cut flowers need | Water first then food |
| Color Harmony | Monochromatic - 1 hue Analogous - 3 or more hues Triad - hues equally spaced on color chart |
| Elements to consider for corsages | weight, design, color, security, Proportion, Compactness, Focal Point, Balance |
| Method for wiring roses | Funeral - hook method through seed pod Corsage - insert and tape Misc - insert and twist wrap |
| Tropical flowers need temp of ? | No lower than 55* |
| What should humidity level in cooler be ? | 90-95% |
| If you have only one cooler, what temp should it be ? | 36 to 40* |
| How often should you wash and clean buckets ? | Periodically |
| What are the foliage types ? | Linear, mass, form, filler |
| Adds strength and enhances line of design | Linear Foliage |
| Gives weight to a composition | Mass Foliage |
| Value lies in its distinctive shape or brilliant coloring | Form Foliage |
| Used for background to "tie in" arrangement | Filler Foliage |
| Insects of House Plants ? | Mealy bugs, Scale, Spider Mites, Aphids, Caterpillars |
| Plant Propagations | Sexual - Pollen unites with egg Asexual - Part of plant develops into new plant by cuttings, division grafting, air layering, tissue culture |
| Most common elements in general fertilizer consist of ? | (N) Nitrogen (P) Phosphorus (K) Potassium |
| Should you water plants every day even if the soil is moist ? | If the soil is moist to touch then its good enough for the plant. |
| What is most common cause of death in House plants ? | Over Watering |
| Needs of House Plants | Light, Temperature, Humidity, Moisture, Soil mixture |
| Which Foliage can take the most abuse ? | Cast Iron ( Aspidistra) |
| pH - Hydrogen Ions | Acidic Water (pH of 3.5 to 5.0) is ideal, usually reduced from it's normal level |
| Glamelia | corsage made from Gladiolus |
| Types of Corsage | Double, Triangle, crescent, wristlet, Tea Girl, single flower |
| Chain of life | From grower, to wholesale, To Florist, to Retailer |
| Pickled flowers | Flowers in cooler that have outlived their salability and should be removed. |
| Can you place fruit in cooler with flowers and why ? | No. Fruit produces Ethylene gas with is harmful to flowers. |
| Each Florist shop must have a licensed florist on hand for how long ? | 32 hrs per week |
| Who is the commissioner of the La Dept of Agriculture and Forestry | Mike Strain DVM |
| Ribbons/bows are for accent not to | to overshadow arrangement |
| Wire Gauges for wedding Bouquets | 22-26 |
| Wire Gauges for Funeral Work | 18-22 |
| Wire Gauges for Corsages | 24-30 |
| Wire Gauges for General Arrangements | 20-26 |
| Ribbon Width for Baby Novelties | #1 1/2 |
| Ribbon Width for Corsages | #3 |
| Ribbon Width for Small plants | #9 |
| Ribbon Width for large plants and funeral work | #40 |
| Wreaths must be wrapped in what ribbon ? | #40 ( stops breakage) |
| Flat Sprays | Constructed on green background with most flowers placed to the top of the arrangement and the bow placed to the bottom |
| Stand Spray | Constructed and mounted on a type of easel. bow must not be focal point. |
| Funeral pieces | Blanket, spray, pall, wreath |
Created by:
Lauradee