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Unit 8 Vocab
Important vocab to know from the sound unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pitch | the highness or lowness of a note; depends on sound wave frequency |
| frequency | how often a wave passes a certain point in a second; this determines sound wave pitch |
| intensity | related to the loudness of sound; depends on sound wave amplitude |
| amplitude | a measure of the amount of energy carried by a sound wave; this determines sound wave intensity |
| decibel | the unit which intensity is measured in |
| the decibel scale | this is not linear; it says that every time a sound intensity increases by 20 decibels, a sound seems to be twice as loud |
| harmful range | this is the range of intensities greater than 120 dB |
| audible range | this is the range of intensities from 0 dB to 120 dB; it is also the name for the range of pitches from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz |
| sub-audible range | this is the range of all intensities that are lower than 0 dB--these cannot be heard by humans |
| subsonic range | this is the range of all pitches that are lower than 20 Hz; these cannot be heard by humans |
| ultrasonic range | this is the range of all pitches that are greater than 20,000 Hz; these cannot be heard by humans |
| consonance | any combination of different frequencies that sounds "good" together; this is because the frequencies are either far apart, or they are even multiples of each other |
| dissonance | any combination of different frequencies that sounds "bad" together; this is because the frequencies are close together, so they interfere to create an unpleasant sound |
| harmonics | frequencies that are multiples of a fundamental note; many of these make up how instruments sound when they play "one note" |
| cochlea | the part of the inner ear that is lined with tiny hairs that transmit sound waves to the brain |
| stereocilia | tiny hairs that line the cochlea in the inner ear; they transmit sound waves to the brain |
| speed of sound | this describe how quickly a sound wave moves and it depends on the medium the sound is traveling through |
| sound | this is caused by vibrations of a object vibrating air molecules which then vibrate a person's ear drum, which causes them to hear |
| doppler effect | this explains why sound coming closer seems to increase in pitch, while sound going farther away seems to decrease in pitch |
| supersonic speed | any speed over the speed of sound |
| music | this is a combination of frequencies that fits some pattern |
| noise | this is a random combination of frequencies that makes no pattern |
| ear drum | this is the part of the ear that sound vibration hit initially |
| mechanical wave | this type of wave requires a medium to move through; sound is this type |
| longitudinal wave | this type of wave includes parts called compressions and rarefactions; sound is this type |
Created by:
davenportscience
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