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Final Exam Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the characteristics of totalitarian regimes | Censorship, mass arrests, and a secret police force |
| What is fascism? Who is associated with the rise of fascism in Italy? Why did fascism appeal to people in Italy and Germany? What did they fear? | A type of totalitarian government under Hitler and Mussolini |
| What national crisis led to Hitler’s rise to power? | the Great Depression |
| Why did the treaty of Versailles anger so many Germans? | forced Germany to pay large war reparations |
| What was the Rape of Nanking? | Japanese violated human rights |
| What was the purpose of Stalin’s Five Year Plans? What was the Great Purge? | To modernize Russia’s backward economy. |
| What one characteristic was common to Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Communist Soviet Union? | one-party system that denied basic human rights |
| Anschluss | Austria was added to Germany |
| Sudetenland | Germany added this land |
| Munich Conference | agreed that Hitler could keep lands already taken in exchange for a pledge to end German expansion |
| Appeasement | cooperating with an aggressor to preserve peace |
| Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact | 1939 |
| Allied Powers | Great Britain, France |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan |
| Blitzkrieg | lightning war |
| Operation Barbarossa | German invasion of Soviet Union |
| Battle of Stalingrad | Turning point in World War II for the Allies |
| D-Day | Battle at Normandy |
| Island Hopping | USA strategy against Japan |
| kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| What event led to the US officially entering WWII? | bombing of Pearl Harbor |
| What violation of civil rights was committed by the US during WWII against Japanese Americans? | Japanese Internment Camps |
| What caused Japan to surrender? What ended WWII in the Pacific? | Atomic Bombs were dropped |
| Genocide | Mass killing of a targeted group |
| Ghettos | confined areas where Jews lived |
| Kristallnacht | "Night of Broken Glass" |
| Final Solution | Nazi plan to kill all undesirables |
| Mein Kampf | Hitler's autobiography |
| Anti-Semitism | Hatred towards Jews |
| In what ways did people resist during the Holocaust? | escaping, surviving, destroying Nazi buildings |
| What international organization was created after WWII to promote peace, protect human rights, and improve quality of life for developing nations? | United Nations |
| What was the Cold War? In what ways did the US and USSR compete during this time? | 46 years of conflict between the Soviet Union and USA, space race, arms race, and politically. |
| How did the Allies deal with Germany after WWII? | divided it into two countries |
| What was the Cuban Missile Crisis? | Ended when the USSR and USA made an agreement. |
| What were NATO and the Warsaw Pact and why were they created? | Military alliances to protect the USSR and USA |
| What was the Truman Doctrine? | said communism shouldn't spread |
| What was meant by the term “Iron Curtain”? | divide between communist and democratic countries |
| Vladimir Lenin | Soviet Leader |
| Josef Stalin | Soviet Leader |
| Nikita Khrushchev | Soviet Leader |
| Yuri Gagarin | Soviet astronaut |
| Berlin Blockade | USSR blocked Berlin from getting help |
| Berlin Airlift | USA flew supplies into Berlin |
| Berlin Wall | Built to keep people from escaping to democratic side |
| What was meant by MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)? | USSR and USA would both be destroyed by a nuclear war |
| When and how did the Cold War finally end? | 1991. President Gorbachev resigned. |
| What problems did the newly independent African nations face as a result of imperialism? | Bad Schools, unstable government, border disputes |
| What hardships are faced by children in Africa? | disease, child soldiers, being orphans from AIDS |
| What major religious influences exist in the African continent? | Christianity, African Faiths, Islam |
| Rwandan GenocideWho was involved? | Hutus and Tutsis |
| Genocide in Sudan | ethnic differences, Muslim controlled government, disuputes over land/water |
| Apartheid | Whites controlled Blacks |
| African National Congress | fought Apartheid |
| Nelson Mandela | Jailed for 27 years then became president of South Africa |
| What factors contributed to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa? What other issues exist on the continent? | South Africa worst area. Deforestation. |
| What major problems affect the landscape of Brazil, Peru, and Ecuador? | deforestation |
| How has population change affected Latin America? | increased greatly |
| What is the most common religion in Latin America? | Catholicism |
| What cultures mainly contributed to the ethnic diversity in Latin America? | African, European, Native |
| What is the exploitative system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crop produced on the land? | share cropping |
| What is the only Latin American country still controlled by a communist dictator? | Cuba |
| Why did many Cubans flee to the US in the 1960s? | Fidel Castro came to power |
| Who was Che Guevara? | revolutionary leader |
| Why did the US send troops into many Latin American countries between 1950-1990? | feared spread of communism |
| Explain the development of communism in China. | land taken and given to peasants |
| Explain Chairman Mao’s Cultural Revolution. | People that didn't follow it were beaten |
| Why has China historically been criticized by the West? | human rights violations |
| What were the goals of the US in getting involved in Korea and Vietnam? | stop spread of communism |
| 38th parallel | divide between North and South Korea |
| Results of Vietnam War | South Vietnam was independent and democratic |
| Tiananmen Square | pro democracy protestors attacked by the military |
| China’s one-child policy | Their answer to over population |
| How did Japanese industry become strong after WWII? | They built modern efficient factories |
| What problems does Japan face today? | work too much, women are lower, overcrowded |
| What is the biggest concern the world has regarding North Korea today? Who is Kim Jong-Un? | selling nuclear weapons to other countries |
| What nation has overtaken Japan as the economic power in Asia? | China |
| Who was Gandhi? | ended British Rule |
| Why did the British agree to separate Pakistan from India? | Hindus and Muslims were rioting |
| What problems exist in modern India? | illiteracy, caste system, poverty |
| Explain the history of the Arab-Israeli Conflict since 1948. | Israel won wars and added land |
| What Middle Eastern nation is currently governed by an Islamic Republic that allows for democratic elections but also places a lot of power in the hands of religious leaders? | Iran |
| US war on Terrorism | led USA to fight in Afghanistan |
| Taliban | Use to run Afghanistan |
| Al-Qaeda | Osama bin Laden is their former leader |
| Saddam Hussein | Former leader of Iraq |
| Arab Spring | Thousands of protestors were killed |
| Swahili coast | Middle Eastern and Indian culture has influenced them |
| Haiti | An earthquake in 2010 devastated this nation |
| Palestinian/Israel conflict | fought over land, Jerusalem, creation of Palestinian state |
Created by:
cevans22