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Civics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| congressional page | a high school junior who works as a messenger and errand-runner in the House or Senate |
| standing vote | a method of voting in which members stand up as a group, first those who support the bill and then those who oppose it; individual votes are not recorded in a standing vote |
| voice vote | a method of voteing in which members call out their vote as a group, first those who support the bill, then those who oppose it, individual votes are not recorded in a voice vote |
| closed rule | a condition placed on a bill by the House Rules Committee that severely limits floor debate and amendments; this allows the bill to move through the House quickly, with few changes |
| open rule | a condition placed on a bill by the House Rules Committee that permits floor debate and amendments; this allows opponents to change the bill or even kill it |
| markup session | a meeting of a legislative committee at which members amend, or “mark up,” a bill before putting it to a vote |
| logrolling | the trading of votes among legislators to ensure the passage of various bills in which they have a special interest |
| Christmas tree bill | a bill with so many riders attached to it that it seems to offer something for everyone |
| filibuster | the tactic of using endless speeches on the Senate floor to delay or prevent passage of legislation; filibusters are not permitted in the House |
| cloture | the process used to end a filibuster in the Senate; at least 60 senators must support to overcome a filibuster |
| abstain | to choose not to cast a vote on a bill |
| power of recognition | the power of the House speaker or Senate majority leader to grant permission to speak on the House or Senate floor; no member may address the chamber without being recognized by the leader |
| hold | a request by a senator to delay action on a bill |
| seniority rule | the tradition that a congressional committee member’s seniority—the number of years of unbroken service on a committee—determines that member’s position on the committee |
| legislative hearing | a meeting of lawmakers to hear testimony and gather information on a proposed piece of legislation |
| rider | an amendment attached to a bill that has little or no relation to the subject of the bill |
| choosing committee chairs and ranking members | chosen by the majority party,mainly through vote of its party caucus, historically, the choice was by seniority rule, this automatically gave the position of committee chair to the majority party member with the most years of service on the committee |
| The power of the house rules committee | “traffic cop” for House legislation, can move a bill ahead of others on the House schedule to be considered quicker, or can delay a bill’s arrival on the House floor, also sets rules for debate on a bill, does not act independently of speaker of house |
| majority party controls floor debates | have the power of recognition and able to run an orderly legislative process |
| Choosing congressional leaders | Before Congress holds 1st meeting, lawmakers meet w/ party members in a party caucus or party conference. 4 meetings are held,1 for each the majority and minority parties. Their task is to elect their congressional leaders |
| Filibusters and holds | A filibuster is a way for senators hold up legislation, a hold is a threat to stage a filibuster if the bill comes up for a vote that the senator does not want to be passed |
| Voting on a bill | If passed, it is then sent to the other chamber. If either chamber does not pass the bill then it dies. If the House and Senate pass the same bill then it is sent to the President. |
| Congress can try to save vetoed legislation | if it gets the necessary two–thirds vote of each house |
| The steps a bill takes through Congress | bill is drafted,bill is introduced,bill in committee Review,the committee marks up the bill,the committee debates,bill goes to the House and Senate,bill is scheduled for debate on the floor of the chamber,both the house and senate approval, the president |
| oath of office | I,do solemnly swear that I'll support and defend the Constitution of the US against all enemies,that I'll bear true faith;I take this obligation freely,and that I well and faithfully do the duties of the office on which I'm about to enter. So help me God. |
| What is the key factor to choosing committee chairs? | Seniority |
| What do lawmakers swear support to in their oath of office? | The Constitution |
| Which comes first in the process of a bill becoming a law: Debate of both houses or compromised version of both houses? | Debate of both houses |
| Which comes first in the process of a bill becoming a law: Conference committee or introduction of the bill? | Introduction of the bill |
| After a bill passes through the joint conference committee, it goes to.. | both the House and Senate for an up-or-down vote. |
| What is the path of a bill through a subcommittee? | hearings, markup, report |
| Why is it difficult for Congress to override a presidential veto? | A full two-thirds of the members of each house must vote in favor of saving the legislation. |
| Once a bill is delivered to the White House, the president has 10 days (not counting Sundays) to | sign it into law, veto it, take no action, allowing the bill to become law without the president's signature |
| What happens after the House or Senate passes a bill? | It goes to the other chamber for approval. |
| Constituents, interest groups, party leaders, and colleagues | place pressure on legislators to support or oppose certain bills. |
| What is the difference between debates in the House and Senate? | Debates in the House have strict time limits, but those in the Senate do not. |
| The power of recognition, held by both the speaker of the House and the Senate majority leader, is the authority to | grant permission to a member to speak during a debate. |
| Why is the House Rules Committee so powerful? | It controls how quickly or slowly a bill moves through the House. |
| Once a bill is sent to a committee, the chair may choose to ignore it or to.. | hold hearings on it. |
| Where may a bill originate? | executive branch departments, individual citizens and interest groups, executive branch agencies |
| Today, committee chairs are chosen | on the basis of seniority, political skill, and other factors. |
| What are the steps to a orderly legislative process? | general debate on the bill, debate and voting on amendments to the bill, and voting on final passage of the bill. |
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lindsmeg