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Chapter 21
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Demand | the desire,willingness, and ability to buy a good or service. |
| Demand Schedule | table showing quantities demanded at different possible prices. |
| Demand Curve | downward-sloping line that graphically shows the quantities demanded at each possible price. |
| Law of Demand | the concept that people are normally willing to buy less of a product if the price is high and more of it if the price is low. |
| Market Demand | the total demand of all costumers for a product or service. |
| Utility | the amount of satisfaction one gets from a good or service. |
| Marginal Utility | additional use that is derived from each unit acquired. |
| Substitute | a competing product that consumers can use in place of another. |
| Complement | product often used with another product. |
| Demand Elasticity | measure of responsiveness relating change in quantity demanded to a change in price. |
| Supply | the amount of goods and services that producers are able and willing to sell at various prices during a specific time period. |
| Law of Supply | the principle that suppliers will normally offer more for sale at higher prices and less at lower prices. |
| Supply Schedule | table showing quantities supplied to a change in price. |
| Supply Curve | upward-sloping line that graphically shows the quantities supplied at each possible price. |
| Profit | the money a business receives for its products or services over and above its costs. |
| Market Supply | the total of all the supply schedules of all the businesses that provide the same good or service. |
| Productivity | the degree to which resources are being used efficiently to produce goods and services. |
| Technology | the methods or processes used to make goods and services. |
| Subsidy | a government payment to an individual, business, or group in exchange for certain actions. |
| Supply Elasticity | responsiveness of quantity supplied to a change in price. |
| Surplus | situation in which quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded; situation in which government spends less than it collects in revenues. |
| Shortage | situation in which quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied. |
| Equilibrium Price | the price at which the amount producers are willing to supply is equal to the amount consumers are willing to buy. |
| Price Ceiling | maximum price that can be charged for goods and services, set by the government. |
| Price Floor | minimum price that can be charged for goods and services, set by the government. |
| Minimum Wage | lowest legal wage that can be paid to most U.S workers. |