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Congress 4

Vocabulary on Congress 4

QuestionAnswer
The counting, every ten years, of the population of the US Census
Reallocation of seats in the House of Representatives after the census Reapportionment
The authority the Senate has to approve presidential nominees to be ambassadors, cabinet officials, or judges "Advise and consent"
The specific powers for Congress that are spelled out in the Constitution Enumerated powers
The redrawing of district boundaries within each state in states that are allotted a new number of representatives after the census Redistricting
Those powers that derive from the Necessary and Proper (elastic) clause; most of what Congress actually does falls under these powers Implied powers
Number of Representatives 435
The section of the Constitution dealing with Congress Article I
The practice of drawing legislative district boundaries with an eye toward creating a political advantage for a particular party Gerrymandering
The total number in Congress 535
Funds provided by the Congress for projects or programs getting around the merit-based or competitive allocation process and thus curtailing the ability of the Executive Branch to manage funds Earmarks
The appropriation of spending for projects that are intended primarily to benefit particular constituents Pork Barrel Spending
Landmark case in which the Supreme Court decided that redistricting was an issue that was justiciable and not simply a political question. It set the stage for the Supreme Court’s cases on reapportionment Baker v. Carr
Supreme Court case which established that the use of race in redistricting must meet strict scrutiny Shaw v. Reno
Established that cloture to a filibuster would take 60 votes Rule 22
Packages together several measures into one or combines diverse subjects into a single bill. Omnibus Bill
A private objection one or more senators may have to scheduling a matter or a nomination for debate. Hold
Conducts non-partisan economic analysis and research and evaluates proposed bills and amendments, assessing their potential cost. Congressional Budget Office or CBO
Audits federal agencies and programs for Congress General Accounting Office or GAO
Provides the legal authority needed to spend or obligate U.S. Treasury funds. There are 13 of this that must be passed by October 1 or the government will shut down. Appropriations
Provides the power for a program or agency to exist and determines its policy. It also recommends spending levels to carry out the defined policy, but these levels are not binding. These may be annual, multi-year, or permanent. Authorization
Continues funding for a program if the fiscal year ends without a new appropriation in place Continuing resolution
Laws set to expire unless specifically re-authorized by Congress. Sunset legislation
Practice of consulting home-state senators on a nomination Senatorial Courtesy
The number of members who must be present before business may be conducted. Quorum
The House requires that amendments to a bill must be relevant or this unless a special rule is put in effect. The Senate does not require this for amendments to a bill and so amendments totally unrelated to a bill’s topic may be added. Germane
An order from the House Rules Committee that permits certain kinds of amendments but bars others to be made into a bill on the floor Restrictive rule
An order from the House Rules Committee that permits a bill to be amended on the floor Open rule
An order from the House Rules Committee that sets a time limit on debate forbids a bill from being amended on the floor. Closed Rule
Created by: betsynewmark
 

 



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