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Tests 11 & 12 Review
Original Price, Percent of Change, Simple Interest, Probability, Statistics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Circumference of a Circle | C = pi * d d = diameter |
Area of a Circle | A = pi * r^2 r = radius |
Diameter | a straight line going through the center of a circle connecting two points on the circle; twice the length of the radius |
Radius | the distance from the center to the edge of a circle; half the length of the diameter |
Probability | the chance that something will happen; the number of ways the event can occur over the total number of possible outcomes; ranges from 0 (0%) - 1.0 (100%) |
Sample Space | a list of all the possible outcomes; each outcome should be written in parentheses with a comma between events. For example (Heads, 6) represents flipping a heads on a coin and then rolling a 6 on a number cube |
Impossible Event | never going to happen; probability = 0 or 0% |
Certain Event | definitely going to happen; probability = 1/1 or 1.0 or 100% |
Independent Events | the outcome of one event DOES NOT affect the probability of the other event; example: rolling a number cube and then flipping a coin |
Dependent Events | the outcome of one event DOES affect the probability of the other event; example: picking a jelly bean from a jar, eating it, and then picking a second |
Theoretical Probability | what you expect to happen |
Experimental Probability | what actually happens |
Simulation | an experiment designed to model the action in a given situation. For example, flipping a coin could be used as a simulation for having a boy or girl baby. |
Mean | average - add up all the numbers and divide by how many numbers there are |
Median | the middle number when the numbers are listed in order from least to greatest |
Mode | the number that appears most often |
Range | the difference between the highest value and lowest value |
Interquartile Range | the difference between the third quartile and the first quartile; shows how spread out the data is around the median |
Box and Whisker Plot | shows the distribution of data - the first dot represents the lower extreme, the second dot represents the first quartile, the third dot represents the median, the fourth dot represents the third quartile and the last dot represents the upper extreme. |
Biased Sample | An unfair sample; the results of a biased sample are NOT VALID |
Unbiased Sample | A fair sample; the results of an unbiased sample ARE VALID |
Simple Random Sample | An unbiased sample where everyone equally likely to be chosen to be surveyed |
Systematic Random Sample | An unbiased sample where people are chosen according to a system or time interval |
Convenience Sample | The people surveyed are easily accessed |
Voluntary Response Sample | The people surveyed choose to respond to the survey question; they voluntarily respond |