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CHEM 0330
6.8 - Le Chatelier's Principle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Le Chatelier's principle. | If a change in conditions (a "stress") is imposed on a system at equilibrium, the equilibrium position will shift in a direction that tends to reduce that change in conditions. |
| If a gaseous reactant or product is added to a system at equilibrium, the system will shift... | away from the added component. |
| If a gaseous reactant or product is removed from a system at equilibrium, the system will shift... | toward the removed component. |
| Predict direction. As4O6(s) + 6C(s) <---> As4(g) + 6CO(g) Addition of CO | Toward the left. More reactants will be formed. |
| Predict direction. As4O6(s) + 6C(s) <---> As4(g) + 6CO(g) Addition or removal of As4O6 or C | No effect because the amount of solid doesn't affect the equilibrium position. |
| Predict direction. As4O6(s) + 6C(s) <---> As4(g) + 6CO(g) Removal of As4 | Toward the right. More products will be formed. |
| The addition of an inert gas (one not involved in the rxn) does what to the partial pressures/concentrations of the reactants or products (assuming ideal gas behavior)? | Nothing. It isn't involved in the reaction. It increases the total pressure of the system, but does not affect the reactants/products partial pressures and concentrations. |
| When the volume of the container holding a gaseous system is reduced, the system responds by | reducing its own volume. This is done by decreasing the total number of gaseous molecules in the system. |
| At constant temperature and pressure, the volume of a gas is.... | directly proportional to the number of moles of gas present. |
| Take Haber's rxn. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) <---> 2 NH3(g) What will happen if you decrease the container's volume? | It will shift toward the right. It will go from 4 ---> 2 moles to compensate for the volume decrease. |
| Take Haber's rxn. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) <---> 2 NH3(g) What will happen if you increase the container's volume? | It will shift toward the left because the reactants have more moles so they will take up the additional space. |
| Predict the shift given a decrease in volume. P4(s) + 6 Cl2(g) <---> 4 PCl3 (l) | Will shift to the right. The solid and liquid are irrelevant; however, there are 6 moles of the gas on the left and 0 moles of gas on the right, so it will shift to the right. |
| Predict the shift given a decrease in volume. PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) <--> PCl5(g) | Will shift to the right. Will go from 2 moles on the left to 1 mole on the right. |
| Predict the shift given a decrease in volume. PCl3(g) + 3 NH3(g) <---> P(NH2)3(g) + 3 HCl(g) | No shift. 4 moles on each side of the rxn. |
| T/F Le Chatelier affects equilibrium constant. | False. It affects equilibrium position. |
| T/F The value of K changes with temperature. | True |
| Explain why K changes with temperature. | Temperature = energy. Take Haber's rxn: N2(g) + 3 H2(g) <---> 2 NH3(g) + energy Adding energy to the rxn will shift the rxn to the left, increasing the reactants' concentrations and decreasing the product's concentration which, in turn, decreases K. |
| Take this rxn: Energy + CaCo3(s) <---> CaO(s) + CO2(g) Adding energy will do what to K? | Increase it. |
| T/F Le Chatelier can predict the size of the change in K. | False. It can only predict the direction. |
Created by:
lldm21