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ch. 8
political parties
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an organization of ideologically similar people that nominates and elects its members to office in order to run the government and shape public policy | political party |
| posits that a party tries to give voters a clear choice by establishing priorities or policy stances different from those of the rival party or parties | responsible party model |
| The three components of the party include the party in: | the electorate, the organization, and the government |
| an individual who identifies himself or herself as a member of one parry or the other; typically measured by party registration | party identifier |
| a voter who does not belong to any organized political party; often used as a synonym for an unaffiliated voter | independent refers |
| the formal party apparatus, including committees, headquarters, conventions, party leaders, staff, and volunteer workers | party organization |
| Parties' organization resembles a _____. | pyramid |
| The _______, along with the paid staff of the national committee, oversees the day-to-day operations of the political party. | national chair |
| One of the most important roles of the national chair has been to _____. | raise funds |
| the national party organizations charged with conducting the conventions and overseeing the operation of the national party during the interim between conventions. | national party committees |
| Both national parties have ______ in each state that effectively are the party in that state. | committees |
| act as intermediaries between the national committees and county committees. | state committees |
| made up of a few members from each county or other geographical subdivision of a given state | state committees |
| County committees consist of members of ______, _______, and _______ party committees. | municipal, ward, precinct |
| help recruit candidates for office, raise campaign funds, and mobilize voters | county committees |
| In most major cities, _______ and ________ committees dominate party politics. | ward; precinct |
| the partisan identification of elected leaders in local, county, state, and national government | party in government |
| when one chamber of Congress is controlled by the same party that controls the White House, while the other chamber is controlled by the other party | truncated government |
| the situation in which one party controls both houses of Congress and the other party, the presidency | divided government |
| the number and competitiveness of political parties in a polity | party system |
| The demarcation of party systems typically occurs when social scientists recognize points where there has been ________. | realignment |
| a shift in party allegiances or electoral support | realignment |
| favored strong national government | Hamilton and the Federalists |
| feared strong national government | Jefferson |
| The 1800 election marked the end of the ________. | Federalists |
| The supporters of Jefferson became known as _______. Later, _______. The modern descendants are called _______. | Jeffersonian Republicans; Democratic Republicans; Democrats |
| Time period of Era of Good Feelings | 1815-1828 |
| The Jacksonian Democrats espoused ______ and _______. | populism; spoils system |
| founded in 1836 to represent interests of southern plantation owners and northern industrialists | Whig party |
| In the 1850s, ______ became the primary concern for both the Whigs and the Democrats. | 1850s |
| formed in 1854 and gained the support of abolitionist Whigs and northern Democrats | Republicans |
| His victory in the election of 1860 marked the beginning of a period of dominance of the antislavery Republicans, which continued even after the Civil War. | Abraham Lincoln |