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Chemical Bonding
Chemistry Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemical Bond | An attractive force between the atoms or ions in a compound. |
| Octet Rule | States that atoms bond in order to achieve noble gas configurations (they get 8 valence electrons and become stable). |
| Ionic Bond | Forms when one atom transfers it's valence electrons to another atom. |
| Ionic Compound | The type of compound that contains ionic bonds (also called an ionic solid) |
| Covalent Bond | Forms when atoms share their valence electrons. |
| Covalent Compound | The type of compound that contains covalent bonds (also called a molecule or a molecular compound). |
| Electronegativity | A measure of attraction that an atom has for a shared pair of electrons. |
| Nonpolar Covalent Bond | Forms when electrons are equally shared |
| Polar Covalent Bond | Forms when electrons are unequally shared. |
| Dipole | Forms when electrons are shared unequal and results in one atom having a partial negative charge and the other atom having a partial positive charge. |
| Dot Symbol | Shows an element's symbol and the element's valence electrons |
| Single Bond | Covalent bond that forms when atoms share 1 pair of electrons. |
| Double Bond | Covalent bond that forms when atoms share 2 pairs of electrons. |
| Triple Bond | Covalent bond that forms when atoms share 3 pairs of electrons. |
| VSEPR Model | Used to predict the shapes of molecules based upon the arrangement of electron pairs (shared and unshared) around the central atom in the molecule. |
| Polar molecule | Has ends that have opposite partial charges |
| Nonpolar molecule | Has ends that have the same or no partial charges. |
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