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C3 electrolysis

Edexcel C3 electrolysis

QuestionAnswer
What is the acronym to help you remember the movement of ions in solutions? NANAs give up and burn. Nonmetal Anions are Negatively charged and go to the Anode; the anions give up their electrons as they are oxidised (burn)
What is the acronym to help you remember the definition of oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons? OILRIG. Oxidation Is Loss of electrons and Reduction Is Gain of electrons
To which electrode do the ions in Copper Sulphate move to? Copper is a metal, so the copper ion will move to the Cathode. Sulphate is a non-metal ion and will move to the anode.
Why is Hydrogen gas produced at the Cathode during the electrolysis of Sodium Chloride solution? Because in solutions there are 4 ions: Sodium, Chloride, and Hydrogen and Hydroxide ions; the latter 2 come from the water
What are the ions in a solution of Copper Chloride? Sodium, Chloride, and Hydrogen and Hydroxide ions; the latter 2 come from the water
What will be collected at the Cathode during the electrolysis of a solution? Either a metal low in the reactivity series OR hydrogen gas
What will be collected at the Anode during the electrolysis of a solution? Either a Halogen OR Oxygen gas
Describe the reaction at the Cathode The metal ION gains electrons to become metal ATOM. Have you used the keywords? Did you use "NANAs give up and die" to help you remember?
Describe the reaction at the Anode The non-metal ION loses electrons to become metal ATOM. Have you used the keywords? Did you use "NANAs give up and die" to help you remember?
What is the name of the negative electrode? Cathode is the negCATive electrode
What is the name of the positive electrode? It is not the negCATive, so the name is Anode
Which ions move to the Anode? Non-metal Anions, they are Negative (remember "NANAs give up and burn")
Which ions move to the Cathode? metal cations, they are positive (remember "NANAs give up and die")
What will be collected at the electrodes during the electrolysis of MOLTEN sodium chloride? Sodium (metal) at the Cathode and Chlorine (non-metal) at the Anode
What will be collected at the electrodes during the electrolysis of a SOLUTION of sodium chloride? Hydrogen at the Cathode because Sodium is a reactive metal. Chlorine at the Anode as it is a Halogen
During purification of copper, what are the electrodes made of? The Cathode is pure copper and the Anode is impure copper
During purification of copper, describe the reaction at the Anode Not quite NANA give up and burn... the copper ATOMS from the electrode will LOSE electrons and become copper IONS. Have you used the keywords?
During purification of copper, describe the reaction at the Cathode The copper IONS from the solution will collect/GAIN electrons to become copper ATOMS
During purification of copper, why does the Cathode gain mass? because the copper IONS from the solution will collect/GAIN electrons to become copper ATOMS. More atoms = more mass.
During purification of copper, why does the Anode lose mass? because the copper ATOMS from the electrode will LOSE electrons to become copper IONS. (Have you used the keywords?) The ions go insolution. Less atoms=less mass
What is the sludge found under the Anode made of? Impurities from the copper anode: Silver metal
During purification of copper, why does the concentration of copper ions in solution stay the same? Because for each ION that move to the cathode to become an ATOM, an ATOM from the anode loses an electron to become an ION
During purification of copper, what happens to the copper ions in solution? The copper IONS move to the Cathode
During purification of copper, why does the Anode lose MORE mass than the Cathode gains? for each ION that becomes an ATOM at the cathode, an ATOM from the anode loses an electron to become an ION; so the mass lost and gained should be the same: the difference is the impurities found in the Anode that fall at the bottom of the beaker.
Created by: UrsulineChem
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