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URINARY SYSTEM
CHAPTER 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| funnel shaped area within each kidney that's surrounded by renal cortex medulla | renal pelvis |
| two narrow tubes, 10-12 in long, transports urine from the kidney to the bladder | ureters |
| hollow muscular organ that's a reservoir for urine before it is excreted from the body | urinary bladder |
| one located at either end of the urethra, control the flow of urine from the bladder into the urethra and out of the urethra through the urethral meatus | urinary sphincters |
| ring like muscle that closes a passageway | sphincter |
| approximately 1.5 in long and the urethral meatus is located between the clitoris and the opening of the vagina | female urethra |
| approximately 8 in long and the urethral meatus is located at the tip of the penis | male urethra |
| part of the male reproductive system, surrounds the urethra | prostate gland |
| a physician who specialization in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys | nephrologist |
| a physician who specializes of the urinary and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and genitourinary system of the males | urologist |
| uremic poisoning; a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is comprised and urea is retained in the blood | uremia |
| sudden onset and is characterized by uremia; fatal | acute renal failure |
| the progressive loss of renal function, sometimes leading to uremia | chronic renal failure |
| refers to the late stages of chronic renal failure in which there is irreversible loss of the function of both kidneys | end stage renal failure |
| absence of of urine formation by the kidneys | anuria |
| excessive fluid in the body | edema |
| presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine | hyperproteinuria |
| presence of abnormally of low concentration of protein in the blood | hypoproteinuria |
| any disease of the kidney | nephropathy |
| dilation of one or both kidneys | hydronephrosis |
| distention of the pelvis of the kidney | nephrectasis |
| Bright's disease, a type of kidney disease caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine | glomerulonephritis |
| floating kidney, prolapse kidney | nephroptosis |
| suppuration of the kidney | nephropyosis |
| a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys | polycystic kidney diseases |
| acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone | renal colic |
| describes the presence of stones in the kidneys | nephrolithiasis |
| renal calculus (kidney stone) | nephrolith |
| stone located anywhere along the ureter | ureterolith |
| inflammation of the bladder | cystitis |
| inflammation of the renal pelvis | pyelitits |
| inflammation of both the renal pelvis and of the kidney | pyelonephritis |
| fallen bladder; a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall | cystocele |
| abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows the constant flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina | vesicovaginal fistula |
| urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination | neurogentic bladder |
| abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs most often in the men over age 50 | benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| most common cancers among men | prostate cancer |
| inflammation of the prostate gland | prostatitis |
| increased output of urine | diuresis |
| difficult or painful urination | dysuria |
| involuntarily discharge of urine | enuresis |
| urinary incontinence during sleep | nocturnal enuresis |
| excessive urination during the night | nocturia |
| scanty urination | olguria |
| excessive urination | polyuria |
| difficulty in starting a urinary stream | urinary hesitancy |
| the inability to control the excretion of urine and feces | incontinence |
| inability to control the voiding of urine | urinary incontinence |
| inability to control the voiding urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, coughing | stress incontinence |
| urge incontinence;; occurs when the detrusor muscle in the wall of the bladder is too active | overactive bladder |
| examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements | urinalysis |
| the use of handheld ultrasound transducer to measure the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination | bladder ultrasound |
| the insertion of a tube into the bladder in order to procure a sterile specimen for diagnostic purposes | catheterization |
| a radiographic examination of the bladder after instillation of a contrast medium via a urethral catheter | cystography |
| visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope | cystoscopy |
| excretory urography; radiographic study of the kidneys and urethers | intravenous pyelogram |
| a radiographic study of these structures without the use of a contrast medium | KUB |
| a diagnostic procedure in which a fluroscope is used to examine the flow urine from the bladder and through the urethra | voiding cysourethrography |
| performed on men to screen for prostate enlargement, infection, and indications of prostate cancer | digital rectal examination |
| medications administered to increase urine secretion in order to rid the body of excess water and salt | diuretics |
| a procedure to remove waste products from the blood a patient whose kidneys no longer function | dialysis |
| process by waste products are filtered directly from the patient's blood | hemodialysis |
| lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood | peritoneal dialysis |
| freeing of a kidney from adhesions | nephrolysis |
| establishment of an opening from the pelvis of the kidney to the exterior of the body | nephrostomy |
| the surgical repair of the renal pelvis | pyeloplasty |
| kidney transplant; grafting of a donor kidney into the body of replace the recipeients failed kidneys | renal transplatation |
| destruction of stones with the use of high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel | extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) |
| surgical removal of the kidney stone through an incision in the kidney | nephrolithotomy |
| performed by making a small incision in the back and inserting a nephroscope to crush and remove a kidney stone | percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
| surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder | cystectomy |
| surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall | cystepexy |
| surgical incision for the removal of a stone from the bladder | lithotomy |
| performed by inserting a tube along the urethra and into the bladder | urethral catheterization |
| one that remains inside the body for a prolonged time | indwelling catheter |
| placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision just above the pelvic bone | suprapubic catheterization |
| the surgical creation of a permanent opening between the urethra and the skin | urethrostomy |
| a surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a structure | urethrotomy |
| describes some types of treatments of prostate cancer | albation |
| surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland | prostatectomy |
| performed through the abdomen is the surgical removal of the entire prostate gland the seminal vesicles, and some surrounding tissues | radical prostatectomy |
| removal of an overgrowth of tissue from the prostate land through a resectoscope | transurethral prostatectomy |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy | BPH |
| catheterization | cath |
| chronic renal failure | CRF |
| cystoscopy | cysto |
| intravenous pyelogram | IVP |
| polycystic kidney disease | PKD |
| surgical incision into the renal pelvis | pyelotomy |
Created by:
kc1769